The ocean coastal‐shelf‐slope ecosystem west of the Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is a biologically productive region that could potentially act as a large sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The duration of the sea‐ice season in the WAP shows large interannual variability. However, quantifying the mechanisms by which sea ice impacts biological productivity and surface dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) remains a challenge due to the lack of data early in the phytoplankton growth season. In this study, we implemented a circulation, sea‐ice, and biogeochemistry model (MITgcm‐REcoM2) to study the effect of sea ice on phytoplankton blooms and surface DIC. Results were compared with satellite sea‐ice and ocean color, and research ship surveys from the Palmer Long‐Term Ecological Research (LTER) program. The simulations suggest that the annual sea‐ice cycle has an important role in the seasonal DIC drawdown. In years of early sea‐ice retreat, there is a longer growth season leading to larger seasonally integrated net primary production (NPP). Part of the biological uptake of DIC by phytoplankton, however, is counteracted by increased oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO₂. Despite lower seasonal NPP, years of late sea‐ice retreat show larger DIC drawdown, attributed to lower air‐sea CO₂ fluxes and increased dilution by sea‐ice melt. The role of dissolved iron and iron limitation on WAP phytoplankton also remains a challenge due to the lack of data. The model results suggest sediments and glacial meltwater are the main sources in the coastal and shelf regions, with sediments being more influential in the northern coast.

中文翻译：

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模拟南极半岛浮游植物水华和无机碳对海冰变化的响应

南极半岛（WAP）以西的海洋沿海-陆架-坡地生态系统是一个生物生产区，可能会充当大气二氧化碳的大汇。WAP中海冰季节的持续时间显示出较大的年际变化。然而，由于浮游植物生长季节初期缺乏数据，因此量化海冰影响生物生产力和表面溶解的无机碳（DIC）的机制仍然是一个挑战。在这项研究中，我们实施了一个循环，海冰和生物地球化学模型（MITgcm-REcoM2），以研究海冰对浮游植物水华和表面DIC的影响。将结果与卫星海冰和海洋颜色进行了比较，并与Palmer长期生态研究（LTER）计划的研究船调查进行了比较。模拟表明，年度海冰循环在季节性DIC下降中具有重要作用。在海冰退缩的早期，生长季节更长，导致季节性综合净初级生产（NPP）更大。然而，浮游植物对DIC的部分生物吸收被海洋对大气CO吸收的增加所抵消。₂。尽管季节性NPP较低，但多年的海冰退缩仍显示出更大的DIC降幅，这归因于空气海CO ₂通量降低以及海冰融化导致稀释增加。由于缺乏数据，溶解铁和铁限制对WAP浮游植物的作用仍然是一个挑战。模型结果表明，沉积物和冰川融水是沿海和陆架地区的主要来源，而沉积物在北部沿海地区的影响更大。