The leading cause of global climate change and warming is greenhouse gas emissions. In developing economic activities, energy plays an important role, and human activities are responsible for climate change, carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions adverse impacts on the environment. This study investigates carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption on CO₂ emissions rather than total energy consumption. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions have a causal relationship of CO₂ emissions from liquid fuel consumption (CO₂L), industry (IND), economic growth (GDP), and trade openness (TR). The ARDL bound method incorporates the structure break and Granger causality method to measure the long-run and short-run cointegration relationship between the variables based on annual data from 1971 to 2016 Malaysia. Both the augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Perron analysis also supported exploring the study variables' stationarity. The long-run forecasts indicate that CO₂L, IND, TR, and GDP are significantly related to CO₂ emissions. The error correction term (ECT) value was -0.952, revealing that CO₂ emissions diverged from a short-run to long-run equilibrium by 95.2% each year. Furthermore, the Granger causality test shows bidirectional causality between trade openness and CO₂L. A unidirectional causality runs from the trade openness to industry at a 1% level form. The current study aims to find out the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, economic growth, energy consumption, and trade in Malaysia to fill this scientific gap. Based on this study's results, the government needs effective policies and initiatives to identify Malaysia's ecological issues. It is also essential to determine the basic target of Malaysia's consumption of liquid fuel and its environmental mitigation policies.

全球气候变化和变暖的主要原因是温室气体排放。在发展经济活动中，能源起着重要作用，人类活动是造成气候变化，二氧化碳（CO ₂）排放对环境造成不利影响的原因。这项研究调查了液态燃料消耗中的CO ₂排放中的二氧化碳排放量，而不是总能源消耗量。二氧化碳（CO ₂）的排放量有CO的因果关系₂从液体燃料消耗排放（CO ₂L），工业（IND），经济增长（GDP）和贸易开放度（TR）。ARDL边界方法结合了结构折断和Granger因果关系方法，基于1971年至2016年马来西亚的年度数据，测量了变量之间的长期和短期协整关系。增强的Dickey-Fuller分析和Phillips-Perron分析都支持探索研究变量的平稳性。长期预测表明，CO ₂ L，IND，TR和GDP与CO ₂排放量显着相关。误差校正项（ECT）值为-0.952，表明CO ₂排放量每年从短期平衡到长期平衡之间的差异为95.2％。此外，格兰杰因果关系检验显示了贸易开放度与CO之间的双向因果关系₂ L.单向因果关系从开放贸易，行业在1％的水平窗体运行。当前的研究旨在找出二氧化碳排放量，经济增长，能源消耗和马来西亚贸易之间的关系，以填补这一科学空白。根据这项研究的结果，政府需要有效的政策和措施来识别马来西亚的生态问题。确定马来西亚消耗液体燃料的基本目标及其环境缓解政策也至关重要。