Previous studies have reported discrepant outcomes for mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) to improve sleep quality or reduce the benzodiazepines (BZDs) use in cancer patients; therefore, a meta-analysis was required to examine the relationships. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials et al. were searched by independent reviewers from date of inception to January 2020 to examine the associations between MBI and sleep disturbance or BZDs use among cancer patients. Randomized controlled studies that reported the effect of MBI on sleep disturbance or BZDs use in cancer patients aged over 18 years were included. Standardized mean differences with 95% CIs were calculated to estimate effect size. If P ≥ 0.1, I² < 50%, the fixed effect model was used for meta-analysis, while if P < 0.1, I² ≥ 50%, the random effects model was used. Fourteen studies of 1659 participant were identified in the meta-analysis. Overall, sleep disturbance was significantly relieved in MBI group (SMD = 0.37, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.55, P < 0.001), and the effect could sustain to follow up duration (SMD = 0.35, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.69, P < 0.001). Only three studies reported that MBI could decrease the BZDs use in hospitalized cancer patients. Our findings indicate that MBI were effective in alleviating sleep disturbance in a short time, and may be associated with therapeutic benefits for BZDs use. Further randomized controlled studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of MBI for BZDs use in cancer patients.

先前的研究报告了基于正念的干预 (MBI) 改善睡眠质量或减少癌症患者使用苯二氮卓类药物 (BZD) 的不同结果；因此，需要进行荟萃分析来检查这些关系。MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Web of Science、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials 等。从成立之日到 2020 年 1 月，独立审查员搜索了 MBI 与睡眠障碍或癌症患者使用 BZD 之间的关联。随机对照研究报告了 MBI 对 18 岁以上癌症患者睡眠障碍或 BZD 使用的影响。计算具有 95% CI 的标准化平均差异以估计效应大小。如果P  ≥ 0.1, I ² < 50%，采用固定效应模型进行meta分析，如果P  < 0.1，I ²  ≥ 50%，采用随机效应模型。在荟萃分析中确定了 1659 名参与者的 14 项研究。总体而言，MBI组睡眠障碍明显缓解（SMD = 0.37，95% CI 0.19～0.55，P  < 0.001），且效果可持续至随访时间（SMD = 0.35，95% CI 0.02～0.69，P < 0.001)。只有三项研究报告 MBI 可以减少住院癌症患者中 BZD 的使用。我们的研究结果表明，MBI 可在短时间内有效缓解睡眠障碍，并且可能与 BZD 使用的治疗益处有关。需要进一步的随机对照研究来检查 MBI 对癌症患者使用 BZD 的有效性。