Why do some individuals perceive religion and science as being in conflict while others do not? Research suggests that individuals’ endorsement of religion–science conflict is often as much an expression of identity and group membership as it is an intellectual assessment of the relationship. This study examines this dynamic among graduate students in five science disciplines in the United States. An analysis of original survey data finds that students who both identify strongly with science and believe that others in their scientific discipline are hostile toward religion are more likely to say that religion and science are in conflict and that they are on the side of science. This suggests that endorsements of religion–science conflict are a way for students to express solidarity with a group that is important to their identity.

中文翻译：

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认可宗教与科学冲突作为科学研究生群体团结的一种表达

为什么有些人认为宗教和科学存在冲突，而另一些人则没有？研究表明，个人对宗教与科学冲突的认可通常既是对身份和群体成员身份的表达，也是对这种关系的智力评估。本研究调查了美国五个科学学科研究生的这种动态。对原始调查数据的分析发现，既对科学有强烈认同感又相信其科学学科的其他人对宗教怀有敌意的学生更有可能说宗教与科学是冲突的，他们站在科学一边。这表明，对宗教与科学冲突的认可是学生表达与对他们的身份很重要的群体的团结的一种方式。