Prestack seismic inversion can be regarded as an optimization problem, which minimizes the error between the observed and synthetic data under the premise of certain geological/geophysical a priori information constraints. It has been proved to be a powerful approach for reconstructing the subsurface properties and building the elastic parameter models (e.g., P- and S-wave velocity, and density). With respect to the specific expressions of a priori information, the starting model and regularization are expected to be the most widely used and indispensable constraints to reconstruct structural features and subsurface properties. The conventional prestack inversion (trace-by-trace) methods perform well when the geological structure of the target area is not too complex. However, due to the lack of lateral constraint, such trace-independent methods are inevitably limited by their capability of characterization (including accuracy, resolution, and robustness) in the case of geologically complex structures, such as tilted stratum and steep faults. The geological structure-guided constraint, herein referred to as the seismic slope attribute, can be exploited as a lateral constraint integrated into the prestack inversion algorithm. In this work, the seismic slope attribute is introduced to the amplitude variation with offset/angle inversion from two aspects, i.e., starting model building and regularization penalty. Firstly, using the seismic slope attribute, instead of the traditional manual interpreted geological horizons, as a constraint, the well-log data are interpolated to build the initial model. The interpolation algorithm is formulated as solving the inverse problem by using the shaping regularization method rather than the kriging-based algorithm. Secondly, by rotating the coordinate system according to the seismic slope attribute, the directional total variation regularization is used as a constraint to improve the resolution (in both vertical and horizontal directions) and lateral continuity of the inversion results. Finally, the proposed methods are applied to synthetic and real seismic data. Synthetic tests and field data applications demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of revealing complex structural features and achieving stabilized inversion of multi-parameters with less uncertainty.

叠前地震反演可以看作是一个优化问题，它在一定的地质/地球物理先验信息约束的前提下，将观测到的数据与合成数据之间的误差减至最小。事实证明，这是重构地下属性和建立弹性参数模型（例如，P波和S波速度以及密度）的有力方法。关于先验信息的特定表达，预计初始模型和正则化将成为重建结构特征和地下特性的最广泛使用且必不可少的约束条件。当目标区域的地质结构不太复杂时，常规叠前反演（逐迹）方法效果很好。但是，由于缺乏横向约束，在地质结构复杂的情况下，例如倾斜的地层和陡峭的断层，这种与迹线无关的方法不可避免地受到其表征能力（包括准确性，分辨率和鲁棒性）的限制。地质结构导向的约束条件（在本文中称为地震坡度属性）可以用作集成到叠前反演算法中的横向约束条件。在这项工作中，从两个方面，即开始模型建立和正则化惩罚，将地震斜率属性引入到具有偏移/角度反演的振幅变化中。首先，使用地震坡度属性代替传统的人工解释的地质层位，将测井数据插值以建立初始模型，以此作为约束。插值算法被公式化为使用成形正则化方法而不是基于克里格的算法来解决反问题。其次，通过根据地震斜率属性旋转坐标系，将方向总变化正则化作为约束条件来提高反演结果的分辨率（在垂直和水平方向上）和横向连续性。最后，将所提出的方法应用于合成地震数据和真实地震数据。综合测试和现场数据应用表明，该方法能够揭示复杂的结构特征，并能以较少的不确定性实现稳定的多参数反演。通过根据地震坡度属性旋转坐标系，将方向总变化正则化作为约束条件来提高反演结果的分辨率（在垂直和水平方向上）和横向连续性。最后，将所提出的方法应用于合成地震数据和真实地震数据。综合测试和现场数据应用表明，该方法能够揭示复杂的结构特征，并能以较少的不确定性实现稳定的多参数反演。通过根据地震坡度属性旋转坐标系，将方向总变化正则化作为约束条件来提高反演结果的分辨率（在垂直和水平方向上）和横向连续性。最后，将所提出的方法应用于合成地震数据和真实地震数据。综合测试和现场数据应用表明，该方法能够揭示复杂的结构特征，并能以较少的不确定性实现稳定的多参数反演。所提出的方法被应用于合成的和真实的地震数据。综合测试和现场数据应用表明，该方法能够揭示复杂的结构特征，并能以较少的不确定性实现稳定的多参数反演。所提出的方法被应用于合成的和真实的地震数据。综合测试和现场数据应用表明，该方法能够揭示复杂的结构特征，并能以较少的不确定性实现稳定的多参数反演。