The anti-seepage wall project is an important part of the anti-seepage system of water conservancy and hydropower projects, and it is the basic facility and barrier to resist floods and ensure the safety of people's lives and property. This paper analyzes the wireless communication GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) technology. After establishing a mathematical model and determining the optimal sensor deployment scheme, the mesh-type sensor network type is determined, and the overall design scheme of the system is analyzed. The wireless network completes the field information collection and instruction transmission, and transmits the field information to the remote monitoring platform for unified processing. In order to effectively improve the node coverage of wireless sensor networks, a network coverage optimization method based on a hybrid strategy to improve the Antlion algorithm is proposed. The continuity boundary shrinkage factor is used to improve the search traversal of the algorithm and accelerate the convergence speed. Dynamic weight coefficients are introduced during the elitization phase to balance the global exploration and local development capabilities of the algorithm. Combining the precocious convergence judgment mechanism and the dynamic hybrid mutation method, the algorithm can effectively jump out of the local optimum. The comparison experiments on 4 benchmark functions verify the effectiveness of the improved strategy. The water injection test was used to detect and evaluate the integrity and impermeability of the plastic concrete impervious wall. The drilling and excavation verification results confirmed the effectiveness and practicability of the method.

防渗墙工程是水利水电工程防渗体系的重要组成部分，是抗洪防洪，保障人民群众生命财产安全的基本设施和障碍。本文分析了无线通信GPRS（通用分组无线服务）技术。建立数学模型并确定最佳传感器部署方案后，确定网状传感器网络类型，并分析系统的总体设计方案。无线网络完成现场信息的收集和指令传输，并将现场信息传输到远程监控平台进行统一处理。为了有效地提高无线传感器网络的节点覆盖率，提出了一种基于混合策略的网络覆盖优化方法，对Antlion算法进行了改进。连续性边界收缩因子用于改进算法的搜索遍历并加快收敛速度​​。在优化阶段引入动态权重系数，以平衡算法的全局探索能力和局部开发能力。该算法结合了早熟收敛判断机制和动态混合变异方法，可以有效地跳出局部最优解。在4个基准功能上的比较实验验证了改进策略的有效性。注水试验用于检测和评估塑料混凝土防渗墙的完整性和不渗透性。