In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

• Wisconsin
• Lisa Lambert Snodgrass

The 2019-2021 budget, passed in 2019, was an improvement on past funding allocations for both P-12 and Higher Education statewide and the outlook for continued growth, specifically for education allocations, was high; however, the 2020 and the 2020-2021 education budget allocations have been heavily impacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and plummeting state and federal revenue.

funding priorities for p-12 and/or higher education

In response to plunging revenues and sharply rising costs due to COVID-19, Wisconsin Governor, Tony Evers, cut $70 million from the overall state's budget for the fiscal year ending June 2020. Approximately $41 million, or 59 percent, of that cut came from the education allocations, specifically from the University of Wisconsin system.¹ In July, the Governor ordered an additional $250 million be cut from the 2020-2021 state budget. And once again, the K-20 education allocations, which account for approximately one third of the overall budget, were to disproportionately bear the brunt of the cuts. University of Wisconsin President, Tommy Thompson responded by calling for the Governor's office to assist in obtaining resources needed to ensure that K-12 and university campuses and communities were prepared for a safe return in the fall.¹

In May 2020 the U.S. Congress passed the Health and Economic Recovery Omnibus Emergency Solutions Act (HEROES) that has built in provisions to help bolster Wisconsin's education system. The HEROES Act allocated $1.4 billion for Wisconsin's education system, specifically,

• • $915 million for K-12 public schools

• • $422 million to the University of Wisconsin system as well as other public colleges and universities in the state.

These funds were intended to offset cuts to salaries and in turn save approximately 10,000 jobs in the K-12 arena and 2,800 jobs in and around higher education as well as provide resources for shifting the curriculum to online formats.²

The federal CARES Act provided an additional $46.7 million in emergency education [End Page 380] funding for Wisconsin K-12 public and charter schools as well as various colleges and universities. The Act also provided an additional $174.8 million in a relief fund specifically for Wisconsin's K-12 public schools. Gov. Evers and State lawmakers worked to pass a bill to earmark this funding as an effort to offset cuts to the biennial budget.³

changes to the funding formula for p-12 and/or higher education

Amid the extensive budget cuts due to COVID-19 and the resultant decline in the state economy, Gov. Evers declined to reopen the biennial budget to negotiate cuts opting instead to call for system wide budget cuts. Therefore, there were no significant changes to the funding formula for K-20 education. In the 2019-2021 budget the per pupil expenditures were increased by $63 per year, setting the per pupil aid at $742 in year one and an additional $62 in year two for a per pupil expenditure of $805. These were the largest nominal increases for P-12 education spending to a biennium budget since 2005-07 placing the 2019 per pupil rate as $12,558.³ However, accounting for the budget cuts at the time of this writing, the per pupil expenditure is anticipated to decrease by $552 for a total per pupil rate of $12, 006, well below the national per pupil expenditure of $12,756.⁴

pressing state issues

Student and staff safety & school reopening plans, a shortage of teachers, and equity in access have been the most pressing issues for state legislators, policy makers, administrators, teachers, parents, students, and community members amidst the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.

To address safety and school reopening plans, the Wisconsin Education Association Council (WEAC) Region 7 developed a School District Safety Report Card with a list of 14 science-based criteria for safely reopening Wisconsin schools. The criteria includes coronavirus testing of students and staff, mandatory masks, mandatory social distancing, temperature monitoring, phase-in in-person learning, along with other similar standards.⁵ And while this report card does not consider budgetary shortfalls to address the standards, it does impact public perception of...

中文翻译：

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威斯康星州

代替摘要，这里是内容的简要摘录：

• 威斯康星州
• 丽莎·兰伯特·斯诺德格拉斯

2019年通过的2019-2021年预算是对全州P-12和高等教育的以往拨款分配的改进，并且持续增长的前景，特别是教育拨款的增长前景很高; 但是，由于COVID-19大流行以及州和联邦政府收入暴跌，2020年和2020-2021年的教育预算拨款受到了严重影响。

P-12和/或高等教育的资助重点

为了应对由于COVID-19导致的收入暴跌和成本急剧上升，威斯康星州州长Tony Evers从该州截至2020年6月的财政年度总预算中削减了7000万美元。其中大约4100万美元（占削减的59％）来自教育拨款，特别是威斯康星大学系统的拨款。^1个7月，总督下令从2020-2021年国家预算中再削减2.5亿美元。再一次，约占总预算三分之一的K-20教育拨款在削减开支中首当其冲。威斯康星大学大学校长汤米·汤普森（Tommy Thompson）回应，呼吁州长办公室协助获得所需资源，以确保K-12和大学校园及社区为秋天的安全返回做好准备。^1个

2020年5月，美国国会通过了《健康与经济复苏综合紧急解决方案法案》（HEROES），该法案建立了有助于加强威斯康星州教育体系的规定。《英雄法案》为威斯康星州的教育系统拨款14亿美元，具体来说，

• •9.15亿美元用于K-12公立学校

• •向威斯康星大学系统以及该州的其他公立大学提供4.22亿美元。

这些资金旨在抵消薪资的削减，从而在K-12领域节省大约10,000个工作岗位，并在高等教育中及周围节省2,800个工作岗位，并提供将课程转换为在线格式的资源。^2个

联邦《 CARES法案》为威斯康星州K-12州的公立和特许学校以及各种学院和大学提供了4,670万美元的紧急教育资金[End Page 380]。该法案还为威斯康星州的K-12公立学校额外提供了1.748亿美元的救济资金。州长Evers和州议员努力通过一项法案，专门拨出这笔资金，以抵消两年期预算的削减。³

更改p-12和/或高等教育的供资公式

在由于COVID-19导致的大量预算削减以及州经济因此下滑的情况下，州长Evers拒绝重新开放两年期预算以谈判削减预算，而是要求对整个系统进行预算削减。因此，K-20教育的拨款方式没有重大变化。在2019-2021年预算中，每名学生的支出每年增加63美元，第一年将每名学生的援助定为742美元，第二年将每名学生的额外援助定为62美元，每名学生的支出为805美元。这是自2005-07年度以来双年度P-12教育支出名义上的最大增幅，将2019年每名学生的学费定为12,558美元。³但是，在撰写本文时考虑到预算削减，预计每名学生的总支出为12,006美元，每名学生的支出将减少552美元，远低于全国每名学生的支出12,756美元。⁴

紧迫的国家问题

在2020年COVID-19大流行中，州和州立法者，政策制定者，管理人员，教师，父母，学生和社区成员面临的最紧迫的问题是学生和员工安全与学校的重新开放计划，教师短缺以及获取机会的公平性。

为了解决安全和学校重开计划，威斯康星州教育协会理事会（WEAC）的第7区制定了学区安全报告卡，其中列出了14条基于科学的标准，用于安全地重新开放威斯康星州的学校。这些标准包括对学生和教职员的冠状病毒测试，强制性口罩，强制性的社交疏远，温度监测，逐步进入式的亲身学习以及其他类似标准。⁵虽然此报告卡并未考虑解决标准的预算短缺问题，但确实会影响公众对...的认识。