Abstract

Recent reasoning accounts suggest that people can process elementary logical principles intuitively. These controversial “logical intuitions” are believed to result from a learning process in which developing reasoners automatize their application. To verify this automatization hypothesis, we contrasted the reasoning performance of younger (7^th grade) and older (12^th grade) reasoners with a two-response paradigm. Participants initially responded with the first intuitive response that came to mind and subsequently were allowed to deliberate on classic “bias” problems (base-rate problems and syllogisms). Results showed that in addition to showing less deliberate correction of an initial erroneous response, younger reasoners were specifically less likely to generate the correct response from the outset. The findings lend credence to the role of a developmental automatization process and indicate that developmental improvements in reasoning accuracy are at least partially driven by an improvement in the accuracy of our intuitions.

摘要

最近的推理说明人们可以凭直觉处理基本的逻辑原则。这些有争议的“逻辑直觉”被认为是学习过程的结果，在这个过程中，开发推理器将其应用程序自动化。为了验证这一假说，自动化，我们年轻的对比（7推理性能^个等级）和老年人（12^次等级）推理器，具有两个响应范式。参与者最初以想到的第一个直觉反应做出反应，随后被允许思考经典的“偏见”问题（基本率问题和三段论）。结果表明，除了对初始错误反应的刻意纠正较少外，年轻的推理者从一开始就不太可能产生正确的反应。研究结果证实了发展自动化过程的作用，并表明推理准确性的发展改进至少部分是由我们直觉准确性的提高驱动的。