ABSTRACT

Three experiments examined the influence of mood state on item-method directed forgetting. In Experiments 1 and 2, happy, sad or neutral mood states were induced before the study or in Experiment 3 before retrieval. There were no significant effects of mood on memory in Experiments 1 or directed forgetting costs and benefits in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, mood states influenced costs and benefits of directed forgetting among happy and neutral participants and costs alone among sad participants. There were no changes in the overall recall of remember-cued items when mood states were induced before or after the study. Explanations for the effect of mood on the retrieval of remember- or forget-cued items are discussed. Moods dissipate when induced prior to encoding, but appear to influence memory when induced prior to retrieval.

摘要

三个实验检查了情绪状态对项目方法定向遗忘的影响。在实验1和2中，在研究之前或在恢复之前的实验3中诱发了快乐，悲伤或中性的情绪状态。在实验1中，情绪对记忆没有明显的影响，在实验2中，情绪对定向遗忘的成本和收益没有显着影响。在实验3中，情绪状态影响着快乐和中性参与者的定向遗忘的成本和收益，以及悲伤参与者的成本。在研究之前或之后诱发情绪状态时，记忆提示项目的整体回忆没有变化。讨论了情绪对记忆或遗忘线索项目的检索的影响的解释。当在编码之前被诱导时，情绪消散，但是当在检索之前被诱导时，情绪似乎会影响记忆。