In contrast to the detection and resolution of Late Pleistocene interstadials (Marine Isotope Stages; MIS 5c, 5a and 3) in marine and ice core-based oxygen isotope records, accurately defining palaeosea-levels for these events from sea level indicators remains a challenge. Commonly, such investigations have been undertaken in tectonically active, subduction-related settings, on emergent marginal marine-coastal successions above present sea level, given that the higher ice volumes during these Marine Isotope Stages resulted in ice-equivalent sea levels significantly below present, particularly in far-field settings. Delineation of palaeosea-levels for this period, has accordingly involved an assumption about the long-term rate of coastal uplift. Core SV#23 collected from the tectonically highly stable, remote far-field setting of southern Gulf St Vincent, southern Australia, in a present water depth of 40 m obtained a 3.89 m undisturbed sedimentary record of Late Pleistocene to Holocene age. The basal 2.39 m of the sediment record is of Late Pleistocene interstadial age, as it overlies the Last Interglacial Glanville Formation (128–118 ka; MIS 5e) and occurs beneath the Holocene St Kilda Formation. The extent of aspartic acid and glutamic acid racemization in the benthic foraminifer Elphidium macelliforme sampled at 2 cm intervals continuously from the interstadial succession in Core SV#23, confirms the relative age interpreted from lithostratigraphy. A mean amino acid racemization (AAR) age of 75 ± 13 ka indicates a correlation with MIS 5a, and highlights the utility of E. macelliforme as a species for AAR geochronology. As the foraminifers more closely define the timing of sedimentation, the interstadial succession is regarded as beyond the range of radiocarbon dating (>50 kyr), as revealed in a comparison of radiocarbon ages of fossil molluscs with AAR ages for E. macelliforme from the same depth intervals within the interstadial succession. All of the radiocarbon ages for fossil marine molluscs from the interstadial succession represent minimum ages, resulting from contamination by trace levels of modern radiocarbon. The foraminiferal faunal assemblages within the interstadial succession reveal changes of water depth at the time of deposition, pointing to millennial-scale sea level variability. In particular, the ratio of Elphidium crispum to E. macelliforme indicates several oscillations in relative sea level within a bandwidth of 26 to 24 ± 4.6 m below present sea level (BPSL). Notwithstanding the large uncertainty associated with palaeosea-level estimation based on the Elphidium ratio, the inferred relative sea level record is in accord with the sea level records of Barbados and the Red Sea, and points to Sub-Milankovitch interstadial sea level variability as noted in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores.

与在基于海洋和冰芯的氧同位素记录中检测和分辨晚更新世间陆相（海洋同位素阶段; MIS 5c，5a和3）相比，从海平面指示器中准确确定这些事件的古海平面仍然是一个挑战。通常，这种研究是在与构造活跃，俯冲有关的环境中，对高于当前海平面的边际沿海沿海陆续演替进行的，因为在这些海洋同位素阶段，较高的冰量导致等效冰的海平面显着低于目前水平，特别是在远场设置中。因此，在这一时期的古海平面划定中，就涉及到了沿海隆升的长期增长率的假设。从构造上高度稳定的核心SV＃23收集，在澳大利亚南部南部圣文森特湾南部偏远的远场环境中，在目前40 m的水深中，获得了3.89 m的未更新世晚期至全新世的沉积记录。沉积物记录的基础2.39 m为晚更新世间期，因为它覆盖了最后的冰川间期格兰维尔组（128–118 ka； MIS 5e），位于全新世圣基尔达组之下。底栖有孔虫中天冬氨酸和谷氨酸的消旋程度从Core SV＃23的陆间相继层序中连续2 cm间隔取样的Elphidium macelliforme证实了由岩相地层学解释的相对年龄。氨基酸外消旋化（AAR）的平均年龄为75±13 ka，表明与MIS 5a相关，并突出了马形肠杆菌作为AAR年代学物种的效用。由于有孔虫更紧密地定义了沉积时间，因此认为间质演替已超出了放射性碳定年的范围（> 50 kyr），这是通过对化石软体动物的放射性碳年龄与A. Macelliforme的AAR年龄进行比较而揭示的。从相同的深度间隔在陆相演替中。陆间期演替产生的化石海洋软体动物的所有放射性碳年龄都表示最低年龄，这是由于痕量现代放射性碳污染造成的。陆相演替过程中的有孔虫类动物群落揭示了沉积时水深的变化，这表明千年尺度海平面的变化。特别地，香叶Elphidium crispum与马氏大肠杆菌（E. macelliforme）之比表明，在当前海平面（BPSL）以下26至24±4.6 m的带宽内，相对海平面发生了几次振荡。尽管基础上，与palaeosea单位估计相关的较大的不确定性Elphidium 比率，推断的相对海平面记录与巴巴多斯和红海的海平面记录一致，并且指出了格陵兰和南极冰芯中提到的亚米拉科维奇海陆际海平面变化。