Nitric oxide (NO) regulates plant growth, enhances nutrient uptake, and activates disease and stress tolerance mechanisms in most plants, making NO a potential tool for use in improving the yield and quality of horticultural crop species. Although the use of NO in horticulture is still in its infancy, research on NO in model plant species has provided an abundance of valuable information on horticultural crop species. Emerging evidence implies that the bioactivity of NO can occur through many potential mechanisms but occurs mainly through S-nitrosation, the covalent and reversible attachment of NO to cysteine thiol. In this context, NO signaling specifically affects crop development, immunity, and environmental interactions. Moreover, NO can act as a fumigant against a wide range of postharvest diseases and pests. However, for effective use of NO in horticulture, both understanding and exploring the biological significance and potential mechanisms of NO in horticultural crop species are critical. This review provides a picture of our current understanding of how NO is synthesized and transduced in plants, and particular attention is given to the significance of NO in breaking seed dormancy, balancing root growth and development, enhancing nutrient acquisition, mediating stress responses, and guaranteeing food safety for horticultural production.

中文翻译：

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一氧化氮的分子功能及其在园艺作物中的潜在应用

一氧化氮 (NO) 调节植物生长，增强养分吸收，激活大多数植物的疾病和胁迫耐受机制，使 NO 成为提高园艺作物产量和质量的潜在工具。虽然 NO 在园艺中的应用仍处于起步阶段，但对模式植物物种中 NO 的研究为园艺作物物种提供了丰富的有价值的信息。新出现的证据表明，NO 的生物活性可以通过许多潜在机制发生，但主要通过小号-亚硝化，NO 与半胱氨酸硫醇的共价和可逆连接。在这种情况下，NO 信号特别影响作物发育、免疫和环境相互作用。此外，二氧化氮可以作为熏蒸剂对抗多种采后病虫害。然而，为了在园艺中有效利用 NO，了解和探索 NO 在园艺作物物种中的生物学意义和潜在机制至关重要。这篇综述提供了我们目前对 NO 如何在植物中合成和转导的理解，特别关注 NO 在打破种子休眠、平衡根系生长发育、增强养分获取、介导应激反应和保证园艺生产的食品安全。