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Differential regulation of triterpene biosynthesis induced by an early failure in cuticle formation in apple
Horticulture Research ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00511-4
Luigi Falginella , Christelle M. Andre , Sylvain Legay , Kui Lin-Wang , Andrew P. Dare , Cecilia Deng , Ria Rebstock , Blue J. Plunkett , Lindy Guo , Guido Cipriani , Richard V. Espley

Waxy apple cuticles predominantly accumulate ursane-type triterpenes, but the profile shifts with the induction of skin russeting towards lupane-type triterpenes. We previously characterised several key enzymes in the ursane-type and lupane-type triterpene pathways, but this switch in triterpene metabolism associated with loss of cuticle integrity is not fully understood. To analyse the relationship between triterpene biosynthesis and russeting, we used microscopy, RNA-sequencing and metabolite profiling during apple fruit development. We compared the skin of three genetically-close clones of ‘Golden Delicious’ (with waxy, partially russeted and fully russeted skin). We identified a unique molecular profile for the russet clone, including low transcript abundance of multiple cuticle-specific metabolic pathways in the early stages of fruit development. Using correlation analyses between gene transcription and metabolite concentration we found MYB transcription factors strongly associated with lupane-type triterpene biosynthesis. We showed how their transcription changed with the onset of cuticle cracking followed by russeting and that one factor, MYB66, was able to bind the promoter of the oxidosqualene cyclase OSC5, to drive the production of lupeol derivatives. These results provide insights into the breakdown of cuticle integrity leading to russet and how this drives MYB-regulated changes to triterpene biosynthesis.

中文翻译:

苹果角质形成早期失败诱导的三萜生物合成的差异调控

蜡质苹果角质层主要积聚熊果烷型三萜,但随着皮肤黄褐变向羽扇豆型三萜的诱导,轮廓发生变化。我们之前对 ursane 型和羽扇豆型三萜途径中的几种关键酶进行了表征,但这种与角质层完整性丧失相关的三萜代谢转变尚未完全了解。为了分析三萜生物合成和赤褐色之间的关系,我们在苹果果实发育过程中使用了显微镜、RNA 测序和代谢物分析。我们比较了三个基因接近的“金冠”克隆的皮肤(蜡质、部分赤褐色和完全赤褐色的皮肤)。我们确定了赤褐色克隆的独特分子谱,包括果实发育早期多个角质层特异性代谢途径的低转录本丰度。使用基因转录和代谢物浓度之间的相关性分析,我们发现 MYB 转录因子与羽扇烷型三萜生物合成密切相关。我们展示了它们的转录如何随着角质层开裂和褐变的开始而发生变化,并且一个因子 MYB66 能够结合氧化角鲨烯环化酶 OSC5 的启动子,以驱动羽扇豆醇衍生物的产生。这些结果提供了深入了解导致赤褐色的角质层完整性的破坏以及这如何推动 MYB 调节的三萜生物合成变化。使用基因转录和代谢物浓度之间的相关性分析,我们发现 MYB 转录因子与羽扇烷型三萜生物合成密切相关。我们展示了它们的转录如何随着角质层开裂和褐变的开始而发生变化,并且一个因子 MYB66 能够结合氧化角鲨烯环化酶 OSC5 的启动子,以驱动羽扇豆醇衍生物的产生。这些结果提供了深入了解导致赤褐色的角质层完整性的破坏以及这如何推动 MYB 调节的三萜生物合成变化。使用基因转录和代谢物浓度之间的相关性分析,我们发现 MYB 转录因子与羽扇烷型三萜生物合成密切相关。我们展示了它们的转录如何随着角质层开裂和褐变的开始而发生变化,并且一个因子 MYB66 能够结合氧化角鲨烯环化酶 OSC5 的启动子,以驱动羽扇豆醇衍生物的产生。这些结果提供了深入了解导致赤褐色的角质层完整性的破坏以及这如何推动 MYB 调节的三萜生物合成变化。
更新日期:2021-04-01
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