The quality of life (QoL) of children and adolescents with cleft lip/palate (CL/P) has been shown to be a predictor of good psychosocial functioning in this population group. This study aimed to measure QoL, from the patient´s perception of change produced by the different surgical and orthodontic treatments carried out since early childhood, and if gender and age are modulating the outcome variables results. A cross-sectional research study was carried out. The study included 60 patients with cleft lip, cleft palate, or cleft lip/palate, aged between 8 and 18, who were in orthodontic treatment and had undergone at least one surgery. They were asked to complete the Quality-of-Life Adolescent Cleft Questionnaire (QoLAdoCleft), which allows the assessment of the QoL through self-perception of improvement after surgical and orthodontic interventions. In particular, this questionnaire (administered only once), allows the evaluation of self-perception of QoL at the present time and before orthodontic and surgical treatment. This double assessment was carried out for the domains of physical, psychological, and social health. The results were analysed by looking at the interaction of gender and age. Statistically significant differences were found in the perception of the current QoL in comparison to the retrospective perception in all the dimensions considered. The perception of QoL improved in all cases. The results also showed a moderation of gender in the relation between perception of previous behaviour and social function and actual behaviour and social function. The results indicated that patients perceived their quality of life had improved as a result of the treatments received, with the highest effect sizes found in the physical health domain. Specifically, the improvement in QoL in behaviour and social function tended to be influenced to a greater extent by perception of previous QoL. In this sense, personalized preventative measures from holistic and biopsychosocial approaches are necessary.

中文翻译：

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正畸和手术治疗后唇裂/ pal裂儿童和青少年的生活质量感知：性别和年龄分析

唇c裂（CL / P）的儿童和青少年的生活质量（QoL）已被证明是该人群中良好的社会心理功能的预测指标。这项研究旨在从患者对儿童期以来不同手术和正畸治疗所产生的变化的感知，以及性别和年龄是否在调节结果变量结果的角度，来衡量QoL。进行了横断面研究。该研究纳入了60例年龄在8至18岁之间的唇c裂，pa裂或唇裂/ pal裂患者，他们接受了正畸治疗并至少接受了一次手术。他们被要求填写《生活质量青少年C裂问卷》（QoLAdoCleft），该问卷可以通过对外科手术和正畸干预后自我改善的自我感知来评估QoL。特别是，该问卷（仅管理一次）可以评估当前以及正畸和外科治疗之前的QoL自我感觉。这项双重评估是针对身体，心理和社会健康领域进行的。通过观察性别和年龄的相互作用来分析结果。在所有考虑的维度上，与回顾性感知相比，当前的QoL感知在统计学上存在显着差异。在所有情况下，对QoL的感知均得到改善。结果还表明，在先前行为和社会功能的感知与实际行为和社会功能之间的关系中，性别方面存在适度的影响。结果表明，患者认为由于接受了治疗，生活质量得到了改善，在身体健康领域中发现的效果最大。具体而言，行为和社会功能的QoL改善趋向于受先前QoL感知的影响更大。从这个意义上讲，从整体和生物心理社会学角度出发的个性化预防措施是必要的。