ABSTRACT

The birth of courtly emotions in early India was intimately linked to the proliferation of royal households across the subcontinent between the fourth and seventh centuries CE. Though earlier political formations saw the consolidation of monarchy, the rise of imperial ideology, and the evolution of royal functionaries, sources neither shed light upon, nor stress, the affective world of individuals around the king and his court until the first centuries of the Common Era. A convergence of sources from the end of the third century—including inscriptional encomia, manuals on polity, and didactic poetry—all point to the steady emergence of a constellation of openly articulated emotions that were deemed to constitute the relations between men of birth and standing who attended the lordly households of the era. These emotions, often obliquely perceived through the modern lens of a ‘classical’ literary culture’ are here situated in the political context of the fourth to seventh centuries and through an analysis across genres, with the hope of moving beyond current assumptions about the relations between aesthetically defined emotions (bhāva and rasa) and the social world that produced them. In particular, the essay explores different types of bonds of love and affection and their various inflections that were thought to arise between courtly actors. It further argues that knowledge about these emotions contributed to a kind of ‘science of emotional interpretation’ that helped men and women express and interpret emotions at court and negotiate the complex relationships that were cast in their idiom.

摘要

在印度早期，宫廷情感的产生与公元四至七世纪整个次大陆上王室的扩散密切相关。尽管较早的政治形式都看到君主专制的巩固，帝国意识形态的兴起以及皇室工作人员的演变，但消息来源并没有揭示或强调过国王和他的朝廷周围各个人的情感世界，直到英联邦的第一个世纪为止时代。从三世纪末开始，包括铭文漫画，政治手册和教义诗歌在内的各种来源的融合，都表明一群公开表达的情感在不断涌现，这些情感被认为构成了出生与站立男人之间的关系。参加了那个时代的贵族家庭的人。这些情绪 通过“古典”文学文化的现代视角经常被倾斜地理解，这里是在第四到第七世纪的政治环境中，并且通过对各种流派的分析而存在，希望超越当前关于美学定义的情感之间关系的假设。 （bhāva和rasa）以及产生它们的社会世界。特别是，这篇文章探讨了不同类型的爱与情感的纽带及其被认为在宫廷演员之间产生的各种变化。它进一步指出，关于这些情绪的知识促成了一种“情绪解释学”，该科学帮助男人和女人在法庭上表达和解释情绪，并商定了成语中复杂的关系。