ABSTRACT

This article connects to the discussion on skills and knowledge during the early industrialisation. It focuses on how two out of four technical secondary schools in Sweden (Malmö and Borås) lived up to their aims communicated by politicians and other stakeholders: to provide emerging industries and crafts in their regions with technicians and to prepare for studies at the Technological Institute. Initially, a majority of students came from the school regions, but the share of long-distance students increased over time. A majority served in industry and craft, and the study reflects chemistry’s and electricity’s breakthrough with increasing shares of graduates employed over time. Several graduates continued to further studies; not only at the Technological Institute but also elsewhere in Sweden and abroad. As for the purpose to provide the regions with technicians, the results are ambiguous. Many graduates, especially from Borås, moved to other parts of Sweden and abroad. Malmö graduates stayed more often in the school region because Malmö was a larger city, and the school region more industrially diversified. The brain-drain from the school regions was not necessarily problematic as in-migration of technicians from other schools compensated.

摘要

本文与早期工业化期间关于技能和知识的讨论相联系。它侧重于瑞典四分之二的技术中学（马尔默和布罗斯）如何实现政治家和其他利益相关者传达的目标：为他们所在地区的新兴产业和手工艺提供技术人员，并为在技术学院学习做准备. 最初，大多数学生来自学区，但远程学生的比例随着时间的推移而增加。大多数人从事工业和工艺，这项研究反映了化学和电力的突破，随着时间的推移，毕业生的就业率越来越高。多名毕业生继续深造；不仅在技术学院，而且在瑞典和国外的其他地方。至于为地区提供技术人员的目的，结果是模棱两可的。许多毕业生，尤其是来自布罗斯的毕业生，搬到了瑞典的其他地区和国外。马尔默的毕业生更多地留在学校地区，因为马尔默是一个更大的城市，而且学校地区的工业更加多元化。来自学校地区的人才流失并不一定是问题，因为其他学校的技术人员移民弥补了这一问题。