Strong floristic affinities indicate past ecosystem rearrangements that integrated northeast Brazil with the distant montane range of the Brazilian highlands, sustaining past plant migrations possibly due to climatic patterns. This palynological study of the marine core GL-1248 (0°55.2′S, 43°24.1′W) spans the past ~130-k years to reconstruct the montane rainforest dynamics with the predominant provenance of Parnaíba Hydrographic Basin in northeastern Brazil. In this context, the reduced continental temperatures of the last glacial enabled the migration of ontane rainforest taxa into lowland areas. In these circumstances, the pollen cluster of montane rainforest taxa increased in relative abundance during the early Marine Isotopic Stage 3. The evidence suggests that a secondary pathway evolved, instead of the widely debated coastal route, enabling the biological exchange via the expansion of montane forests throughout the central Brazilian highlands. Two montane pollen types with distinct provenance and ecological features highlighted the ocean-atmosphere dynamics. First, the increase in the relative abundance of Podocarpus correlated with periods of low moisture levels and reduced weathering in the Parnaiba Basin and led to questioning the influence of southeast trade winds as one of the leading carriers of this pollen type. Second, the evidence of Alnus pollen grains, characteristic of Andean vegetation, and low-temperature regions suggest that the Amazon river plume reached the study area. In this sense, the northeast trade winds restrained the North Brazilian Current and guided the southeastward transport of the Amazon river sediments. The presence of Alnus pollen grains emphasizes periods of a weakened North Brazilian Current. Our findings have significant climatic repercussions since heat transport to the northern hemisphere was possibly impaired at the time when Alnus occurred at our core site.

强烈的植物亲和力表明过去的生态系统重排使巴西东北部地区与巴西高地的遥远山地范围融为一体，并可能由于气候模式而维持了过去的植物迁徙。这项对海洋核心GL-1248（0°55.2′S，43°24.1′W）的孢粉学研究跨越了过去〜130 k年，以巴西东北部的帕纳伊巴水文盆地的主要产地来重建山地雨林动力学。在这种情况下，最后一个冰川的大陆温度降低，使得原棕雨林类群迁移到低地地区。在这种情况下，山Marine雨林类群的花粉簇在海洋同位素第3阶段的早期相对丰富了。证据表明，进化出的是次要途径，而不是广为争议的沿海路线，通过在整个巴西中部高地扩展山地森林来实现生物交换。两种具有不同起源和生态特征的山地花粉类型突出了海洋-大气动力学。首先，相对丰度的增加罗汉松与帕纳伊巴盆地的低水分时期和减少的风化有关，并引起人们质疑东南贸易风作为这种花粉类型的主要载体之一的影响。第二，阿尔努斯花粉粒，安第斯植被特征和低温地区的证据表明亚马逊河羽流到达了研究区域。从这个意义上讲，东北贸易风限制了北巴西洋流，并引导了亚马逊河沉积物的向东南方向运输。阿尔努斯的存在花粉粒强调北巴西洋流减弱的时期。我们的发现具有重大的气候影响，因为当Alnus发生在我们的核心站点时，向北半球的热传输可能会受到影响。