The motivational model of substance use posits that four motive subtypes (coping, enhancement, social, conformity) dynamically interact with contextual factors to affect decisions about substance use. Yet prior studies assessing the motivational model have relied on between-persons, cross-sectional evaluations of trait motives. We systematically reviewed studies using ecological momentary assessment (EMA; N = 64) on motives for substance use to examine methodological features of EMA studies examining the motivational model, support for the motivational model between and within individuals, and associations between trait motives and daily processes. Results of the reviewed studies provide equivocal support for the motivational model and suggest that EMA measures and trait measures of motives might not reflect the same construct. The reviewed body of research indicates that most studies have not examined the momentary and dynamic nature of the motivational model, and more research is needed to inform interventions that address heterogeneous reasons for substance use in daily life.

物质使用的动机模型假定四种动机子类型（应对、增强、社交、顺从）与情境因素动态相互作用，以影响有关物质使用的决策。然而，先前评估动机模型的研究依赖于人与人之间对特质动机的横断面评估。我们使用生态瞬时评估（EMA；N= 64）关于物质使用的动机，以检查 EMA 研究的方法学特征，这些研究检查动机模型、对个人之间和内部动机模型的支持，以及特质动机与日常过程之间的关联。审查研究的结果为动机模型提供了模棱两可的支持，并表明 EMA 措施和动机的特质措施可能不会反映相同的结构。审查的研究机构表明，大多数研究没有检查动机模型的瞬时和动态性质，需要更多的研究来为干预措施提供信息，以解决日常生活中物质使用的异质性原因。