Journal of Advanced Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.03.011 Faiza Ali 1 , Ghulam Qanmber 1 , Fuguang Li 1, 2 , Zhi Wang 1, 2
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Background
Seed is vital for plant survival and dispersion, however, its development and germination are influenced by various internal and external factors. Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the most important phytohormones that influence seed development and germination. Until now, impressive progresses in ABA metabolism and signaling pathways during seed development and germination have been achieved. At the molecular level, ABA biosynthesis, degradation, and signaling genes were identified to play important roles in seed development and germination. Additionally, the crosstalk between ABA and other hormones such as gibberellins (GA), ethylene (ET), Brassinolide (BR), and auxin also play critical roles. Although these studies explored some actions and mechanisms by which ABA-related factors regulate seed morphogenesis, dormancy, and germination, the complete network of ABA in seed traits is still unclear.
Aim of review
Presently, seed faces challenges in survival and viability. Due to the vital positive roles in dormancy induction and maintenance, as well as a vibrant negative role in the seed germination of ABA, there is a need to understand the mechanisms of various ABA regulators that are involved in seed dormancy and germination with the updated knowledge and draw a better network for the underlying mechanisms of the ABA, which would advance the understanding and artificial modification of the seed vigor and longevity regulation.
Key scientific concept of review
Here, we review functions and mechanisms of ABA in different seed development stages and seed germination, discuss the current progresses especially on the crosstalk between ABA and other hormones and signaling molecules, address novel points and key challenges (e.g., exploring more regulators, more cofactors involved in the crosstalk between ABA and other phytohormones, and visualization of active ABA in the plant), and outline future perspectives for ABA regulating seed associated traits.
中文翻译：
ABA 在种子成熟、休眠和发芽中的更新作用
背景
种子对植物的生存和传播至关重要，但其发育和发芽受各种内外因素的影响。脱落酸 (ABA) 是影响种子发育和发芽的最重要的植物激素之一。到目前为止，在种子发育和发芽过程中，ABA 代谢和信号通路取得了令人瞩目的进展。在分子水平上，ABA生物合成、降解和信号基因被确定在种子发育和萌发中发挥重要作用。此外，ABA 与赤霉素 (GA)、乙烯 (ET)、芸苔素 (BR) 和生长素等其他激素之间的串扰也起着关键作用。尽管这些研究探索了 ABA 相关因子调节种子形态发生、休眠和萌发的一些作用和机制，
审查目的
目前，种子在生存和生存方面面临挑战。由于在休眠诱导和维持中至关重要的积极作用，以及在 ABA 种子萌发中的积极消极作用，有必要利用最新知识了解参与种子休眠和萌发的各种 ABA 调节剂的机制并为 ABA 的潜在机制绘制一个更好的网络，这将促进对种子活力和寿命调控的理解和人工修改。
审查的关键科学概念
在这里，我们回顾了 ABA 在不同种子发育阶段和种子萌发中的功能和机制，讨论了当前的进展，特别是 ABA 与其他激素和信号分子之间的串扰，解决了新的问题和关键挑战（例如，探索更多的调节因子、更多的辅助因子参与 ABA 和其他植物激素之间的串扰，以及植物中活性 ABA 的可视化），并概述了 ABA 调节种子相关性状的未来前景。
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