This paper reviews the state-of-the-art research progress of large-scale model at-sea measurements in relation to ship resistance, propulsion, manoeuvrability, seakeeping and structural loads. Physical experiments have long been an indispensable tool in the research of ship hydrodynamics and structural loads. To date, a substantial number of experiments including tank model tests and full-scale measurements have been extensively conducted and reported. In the recent years, an alternative experimental approach, namely large-scale model measurement, has been paid special attention in order to better understand some strongly nonlinear fluid–structure interaction problems and rarely occurring events on ships in realistic and complex ocean environment. The review on large-scale seakeeping and wave loads experiments is undertaken by extensively referring related work conducted worldwide. Challenges and recommendations towards further developing and refining large-scale model measurement techniques are also reported and discussed.

本文回顾了大规模模型海上测量与船舶阻力，推进力，机动性，海上维护和结构载荷有关的最新研究进展。长期以来，物理实验一直是船舶流体动力学和结构载荷研究中必不可少的工具。迄今为止，已经广泛进行并报道了包括油箱模型测试和满量程测量在内的大量实验。近年来，一种替代实验方法，即大规模模型测量，已得到特别关注，以便更好地理解一些强烈的非线性流固耦合问题以及在现实和复杂的海洋环境中很少发生的船舶事件。通过广泛参考全球范围内进行的相关工作，对大规模的海上维护和波浪载荷实验进行了审查。还报告和讨论了对进一步开发和完善大规模模型测量技术的挑战和建议。