Industry 4.0-based oil and gas supply-chain (OaG-SC) industry automates and efficiently executes most of the processes by using cloud computing (CC), artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of things (IoT), and industrial Internet of things (IIoT). However, managing various operations in OaG-SC industries is a challenging task due to the involvement of various stakeholders. It includes landowners, Oil and Gas (OaG) company operators, surveyors, local and national level government bodies, financial institutions, and insurance institutions. During mining, OaG company needs to pay incentives as a royalty to the landowners. In the traditional existing schemes, the process of royalty transaction is performed between the OaG company and landowners as per the contract between them before the start of the actual mining process. These contracts can be manipulated by attackers (insiders or outsiders) for their advantages, creating an unreliable and un-trusted royalty transaction. It may increase disputes between both parties. Hence, a reliable, cost-effective, trusted, secure, and tamper-resistant scheme is required to execute royalty contract transactions in the OaG industry. Motivated from these research gaps, in this paper, we propose a blockchain-based scheme, which securely executes the royalty transactions among various stakeholders in OaG industries. We evaluated the performance of the proposed scheme and the smart contracts’ functionalities and compared it with the existing state-of-the-art schemes using various parameters. The results obtained illustrate the superiority of the proposed scheme compared to the existing schemes in the literature.

基于工业4.0的石油和天然气供应链（OaG-SC）行业通过使用云计算（CC），人工智能（AI），物联网（IoT）和工业物联网来自动化并有效地执行大多数流程（IIoT）。但是，由于各利益相关者的参与，管理OaG-SC行业中的各种运营是一项艰巨的任务。它包括土地所有者，石油和天然气（OaG）公司运营商，测量师，地方和国家级政府机构，金融机构和保险机构。在采矿期间，OaG公司需要向土地所有者支付奖励作为特许权使用费。在传统的现有方案中，版税交易过程是在OaG之间进行的在实际采矿过程开始之前，按照公司与土地所有者之间的合同。攻击者（内部人员或外部人员）可以利用这些合同的优势，从而产生不可靠且不受信任的特许权使用费交易。这可能会增加双方之间的争端。因此，需要一种可靠，具有成本效益，可信赖，安全且防篡改的方案来执行OaG行业中的版税合同交易。基于这些研究空白，在本文中，我们提出了一种基于区块链的方案，该方案可以安全地在OaG中的各个利益相关者之间执行特许权使用费交易。行业。我们评估了拟议方案的性能和智能合约的功能，并将其与使用各种参数的现有最新方案进行了比较。获得的结果说明了与现有文献中的方案相比，该方案的优越性。