An annular cathode is generally fixed on a cylindrical cathode holder in a magnetically insulated coaxial foilless diode. Electrons emitted from cathode plasmas or the cathode holder may easily move backward under the action of the quasi-static electric field and axial magnetic field, leading to backward current loss, which will seriously reduce the efficiency of high power microwave sources, especially under the condition of a low guiding magnetic field. A novel storage electrode immersed in the uniform magnetic field is proposed to suppress the backward current. Reverse electrons will be decelerated and blocked by the storage electrode. Under the guiding magnetic field of 0.66 T, over 66% of the backward current is suppressed (from 3.6 kA to 1.2 kA) when the storage electrode is used, and furthermore, the waveforms of the diode voltage and current are improved significantly.

中文翻译：

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低磁场无箔二极管中反向电流的抑制

环形阴极通常固定在磁绝缘的同轴无箔二极管中的圆柱形阴极支架上。在准静态电场和轴向磁场的作用下，从阴极等离子体或阴极支架发射的电子可能容易向后移动，从而导致反向电流损耗，这将严重降低大功率微波源的效率，尤其是在这种情况下的低引导磁场。提出了一种浸在均匀磁场中的新型存储电极，以抑制反向电流。反向电子将被存储电极减速并阻挡。在0.66 T的引导磁场下，使用存储电极时，可抑制超过66％的反向电流（从3.6 kA到1.2 kA），此外，