ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to analyze the effect of resistance training variables prescription on resting systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and muscle strength changes. Methods: The search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus databases until August 2020 for randomized controlled trials with non-exercising control group. Results: In total, 36 studies qualified for inclusion in this meta-analysis. Eleven studies included users of antihypertensive medication, while the remaining 25 studies were conducted with non-users of antihypertensive medication. Resistance training only reduced SBP (−0.56 [−0.77 to −0.35]; P < .001) and DBP (−0.46 [−0.68 to −0.24]; P < .001) in anti-hypertensive medication users, with changes ranging from −6.1 to −2.8 mmHg for SBP and −4.6 to −1.6 mmHg for DBP. Muscle strength increased significantly in both users (0.76 [0.49 to 1.02]; P < .001) and non-users of antihypertensive medication (0.94 [0.71 to 1.16]; P < .001). Resistance training should be performed by users and non-users of antihypertensive medication for 8 to 16 weeks (2 to 3 days a week) and 8 to 12 non-failure repetitions. However, users should train with less load (60–80 vs 70–85% 1RM) and exercise sets (1–3 vs 2–4) than non-users of antihypertensive medication. Conclusion: Resistance training increases muscle strength and reduces resting SBP and DBP in individuals under BP pharmacological therapy, while in individuals who do not use antihypertensive drugs, resistance training only increases strength.

摘要

目的：本研究的目的是通过荟萃分析进行系统评价，以分析阻力训练变量处方对静息收缩压 (SBP) 和舒张压 (DBP) 以及肌肉力量变化的影响。方法：在 PubMed、Web of Science 和 SPORTDiscus 数据库中进行了搜索，直到 2020 年 8 月，用于非运动对照组的随机对照试验。结果：总共有 36 项研究符合纳入本荟萃分析的条件。11 项研究包括抗高血压药物的使用者，而其余 25 项研究是针对非抗高血压药物使用者进行的。阻力训练仅降低 SBP（-0.56 [-0.77 至 -0.35]；P< .001) 和 DBP (-0.46 [-0.68 至 -0.24]; P < .001)，SBP 的变化范围为 -6.1 至 -2.8 mmHg，DBP 的变化范围为 -4.6 至 -1.6 mmHg . 使用降压药（0.76 [0.49 至 1.02]；P < .001）和未使用抗高血压药物（0.94 [0.71 至 1.16]；P < .001）的肌肉力量均显着增加。抗高血压药物的使用者和非使用者应进行 8 至 16 周（每周 2 至 3 天）和 8 至 12 次非失败重复的阻力训练。然而，与不使用降压药的用户相比，用户应该以更少的负荷（60-80 对 70-85% 1RM）和运动组（1-3 对 2-4）进行训练。结论： 抗阻训练可以增加肌肉力量并降低血压药物治疗个体的静息收缩压和舒张压，而在不使用抗高血压药物的个体中，抗阻训练只会增加力量。