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Formulation and optimization of radiation-curable nonisocyanate polyurethane wood coatings by mixture experimental design
Journal of Coatings Technology and Research ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-29 , DOI: 10.1007/s11998-020-00453-x
Forough Zareanshahraki , Vijay Mannari

Abstract

Radiation-curable urethane acrylates have been extensively used and successfully implemented in industrial wood coatings thanks to their capability to provide a balance of mechanical and chemical properties. However, isocyanates, one of the main building blocks in the conventional urethane acrylates, pose toxicity and health hazards both in the manufacturing and application, and therefore, are targeted for restricted use and limited occupational exposure in the impending environmental regulations. In this regard, this study presents the development of urethane acrylate oligomers using nonisocyanate approaches and their application in industrial wood coatings. Two acrylic-functional nonisocyanate polyurethane oligomers (NIPU-ACs), NIPU-AC-2 with longer urethane chains and higher flexibility and NIPU-AC-1 with shorter urethane chains, were synthesized as main building blocks of radiation-curable wood coatings. Next, a series of 20 wood coating systems were formulated using a D-optimal mixture experimental design methodology to find the optimized quaternary mixtures composed of the two synthetic NIPU-ACs, and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA) as reactive diluents. The results of the study revealed that at a constant 5 wt% of TMPTA, formulations rich in NIPU-AC-2 showed higher impact resistance, scratch resistance, and pull-off adhesion, which was attributed to the flexible structure of this oligomer. On the other hand, coatings including higher contents of NIPU-AC-1, which induces higher crosslink density (XLD) to the system, demonstrated higher Tg and pendulum hardness. Evaluation of the optimal coatings not only validated the predictability of models, but also determined that the coatings have promising stain and abrasion resistance, and good thermal stability. The results show that NIPU-ACs developed in this study have excellent potential as an alternative to conventional urethane acrylates in the development of low-VOC and sustainable industrial wood coatings.

Graphic abstract



中文翻译:

混合实验设计制备可辐射固化的非异氰酸酯聚氨酯木器涂料。

摘要

可辐射固化的氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯由于能够提供机械性能和化学性能之间的平衡,因此已广泛用于工业木材涂料中并成功实施。然而,异氰酸酯是常规氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯的主要组成部分之一,在制造和应用中均具有毒性和健康危害,因此,在即将到来的环境法规中,限制使用和限制职业接触的目标是异氰酸酯。在这方面,本研究提出了使用非异氰酸酯方法开发氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯低聚物的方法及其在工业木材涂料中的应用。两种丙烯酸官能团的非异氰酸酯聚氨酯低聚物(NIPU-AC),具有更长氨基甲酸酯链和更高柔韧性的NIPU-AC-2和具有较短氨基甲酸酯链的NIPU-AC-1,被合成为可辐射固化木器涂料的主要组成部分。接下来,使用D-最优混合物实验设计方法配制了一系列20种木材涂料体系,以找到由两种合成NIPU-AC和三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMPTA)和二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(DPGDA)组成的优化季铵混合物。稀释剂。研究结果表明,在TMPTA含量恒定为5%的情况下,富含NIPU-AC-2的配方表现出更高的耐冲击性,耐刮擦性和抗剥离粘合性,这归因于这种低聚物的柔性结构。另一方面,包含较高含量NIPU-AC-1的涂料表现出较高的交联密度(XLD),该体系具有较高的交联密度(XLD)。使用D-最佳混合物实验设计方法配制了一系列20种木材涂料体系,以找到由两种合成NIPU-AC和三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMPTA)和二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(DPGDA)作为反应性稀释剂组成的优化的四元混合物。研究结果表明,在TMPTA恒定为5 wt%的情况下,富含NIPU-AC-2的配方表现出更高的耐冲击性,耐刮擦性和抗剥离粘合性,这归因于该低聚物的柔性结构。另一方面,包含较高含量NIPU-AC-1的涂料表现出较高的交联密度(XLD),该体系具有较高的交联密度(XLD)。使用D-最佳混合物实验设计方法配制了一系列20种木材涂料体系,以找到由两种合成NIPU-AC和三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMPTA)和二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(DPGDA)作为反应性稀释剂组成的优化的四元混合物。研究结果表明,在TMPTA含量恒定为5%的情况下,富含NIPU-AC-2的配方表现出更高的耐冲击性,耐刮擦性和抗剥离粘合性,这归因于这种低聚物的柔性结构。另一方面,包含较高含量NIPU-AC-1的涂料表现出较高的交联密度(XLD),该体系具有较高的交联密度(XLD)。和三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMPTA)和二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(DPGDA)作为反应性稀释剂。研究结果表明,在TMPTA含量恒定为5%的情况下,富含NIPU-AC-2的配方表现出更高的耐冲击性,耐刮擦性和抗剥离粘合性,这归因于这种低聚物的柔性结构。另一方面,包含较高含量NIPU-AC-1的涂料表现出较高的交联密度(XLD),该体系表现出较高的交联密度。和三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMPTA)和二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(DPGDA)作为反应性稀释剂。研究结果表明,在TMPTA含量恒定为5%的情况下,富含NIPU-AC-2的配方表现出更高的耐冲击性,耐刮擦性和抗剥离粘合性,这归因于这种低聚物的柔性结构。另一方面,包含较高含量NIPU-AC-1的涂料表现出较高的交联密度(XLD),该体系具有较高的交联密度(XLD)。T g和摆硬度。对最佳涂层的评估不仅验证了模型的可预测性,而且还确定了涂层具有良好的耐污染性和耐磨性以及良好的热稳定性。结果表明,本研究开发的NIPU-AC在低VOC和可持续工业木材涂料的开发中具有作为常规聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的替代品的巨大潜力。

图形摘要

更新日期:2021-03-30
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