Gravity is the most important load source in mining and geotechnical engineering, which causes both the stress level and stress gradient inside geomaterials. Different from the stress level, the influence of gravity-induced stress gradient on the behaviour of the material is still unknown. An in-deep study on it will help to promote the understanding of material behaviour, especially for those cases related to unconventional gravity such as terrestrial ng physical modelling and extraterrestrial resource exploitation (g is the terrestrial gravitational acceleration). In this study, a high-order homogenization for granular materials is proposed at first, in which the stress gradient is drawn into the constitutive representation by adopting a representative volume element (RVE). The consolidation and shear strength behaviour of RVE are then investigated by performing numerical biaxial tests. The results show that all the compressibility, shear strength, shear stiffness, volumetric deformation, and critical state behaviour show a stress gradient dependence. A coupling between stress gradient, stress level, and material properties is also observed. These observations suggest that, besides the stress level, extra attention needs to be paid to material responses related to stress gradient during engineering practices.

重力是采矿和岩土工程中最重要的载荷源，它会引起土工材料内部的应力水平和应力梯度。与应力水平不同，重力引起的应力梯度对材料性能的影响仍然未知。它的In-深入研究将有助于推动材料行为的理解，尤其是对涉及非传统重力的情况下，如地面ñ摹物理建模和外星资源开发（g ^是地球重力加速度）。在这项研究中，首先提出了一种用于粒状材料的高阶均质化方法，其中采用代表体积元（RVE）将应力梯度绘制为本构关系。然后通过进行数值双轴试验研究RVE的固结和抗剪强度行为。结果表明，所有可压缩性，剪切强度，剪切刚度，体积变形和临界状态行为均显示出应力梯度依赖性。还观察到应力梯度，应力水平和材料性能之间的耦合。这些观察结果表明，除了应力水平外，在工程实践中还需要特别注意与应力梯度相关的材料响应。