Stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems can respond to specific external stimuli, resulting in improved treatment outcomes and reduced side effects from their controllable site-specific release ability. The aim of this study was to develop a thermo-responsive bubble-generating drug release platform by near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation using melanin-perfluorohexane-methotrexate-polylactic acid (Mel @PFH@MTX-PLA) nanoparticles. Mel@PFH@MTX-PLA nanoparticles were successfully prepared without precipitation or aggregation. By adjusting the amount of perfluorohexane (PFH), a size of Mel@PFH@MTX-PLA nanoparticles with optimal conditions was about 52.75 ± 1.41 nm. Due to the photothermal conversion properties of melanin, the temperature of the Mel@PFH@MTX-PLA nanoparticles was increased to about 59.2 °C after 7 min of 808 nm NIR laser irradiation at a power density of 1.5 W/cm². The NIR laser-induced temperature increase triggered additional drug release and caused the phase transition of PFH, resulting in dramatic bubble generation. The resultant Mel@PFH@MTX-PLA nanoparticles can be utilized in biomedical applications as promising carriers for localized and controlled drug delivery.

刺激反应性药物传递系统可以对特定的外部刺激作出反应，从而改善治疗效果，并减少其可控的部位特异性释放能力，从而减少副作用。这项研究的目的是通过使用黑色素-全氟己烷-甲氨蝶呤-聚乳酸（Mel @ PFH @ MTX-PLA）纳米粒子通过近红外（NIR）激光辐照来开发一种热响应性气泡产生药物释放平台。成功制备了Mel @ PFH @ MTX-PLA纳米粒子，没有沉淀或聚集。通过调整全氟己烷（PFH）的量，在最佳条件下，Mel @ PFH @ MTX-PLA纳米粒子的大小约为52.75±1.41 nm。由于黑色素的光热转化特性，Mel @ PFH @ MTX-PLA纳米粒子的温度增加到约59。²。NIR激光引起的温度升高触发了额外的药物释放，并引起PFH的相变，从而导致大量气泡的产生。所得的Mel @ PFH @ MTX-PLA纳米粒子可在生物医学应用中用作有希望的载体，用于局部和受控的药物递送。