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The utility of Google Trends as a tool for evaluating flooding in data-scarce places
Area ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-30 , DOI: 10.1111/area.12719
Josh Thompson 1 , Rob Wilby 1 , Tom Matthews 2 , Conor Murphy 3
Affiliation  

Google Trends (GT) offers a historical database of global internet searches with the potential to complement conventional records of environmental hazards, especially in regions where formal hydrometeorological data are scarce. We evaluate the extent to which GT can discern heavy rainfall and floods in Kenya and Uganda during the period 2014 to 2018. We triangulate counts of flood searches from GT with available rainfall records and media reports to build an inventory of extreme events. The Spearman rank correlation (ρ) between monthly mean search interest for flooding and monthly Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) rainfall totals was ρ = +0.38 (p < 0.005) for Kenya and ρ = +0.64 (p < 0.001) for Uganda. Media reports of flooding were used to specify a threshold of detectability to give the same overall frequency of floods based on GT search interest. When the GT search index threshold was set at ≥15 and ≥29, the correct detection rate was 75% and 64% within a five-day window of known flood events in Kenya and Uganda, respectively. From these preliminary explorations we conclude that GT has potential as a proxy data source, but greater skill may emerge in places with larger search volumes and by linking to historical information about environmental hazards at sub-national scales. Wider applicability of the GT platform might be possible if there is greater transparency about how Google algorithms determine topics.

中文翻译:

谷歌趋势作为评估数据稀缺地区洪水的工具的实用性

谷歌趋势 (GT) 提供了一个全球互联网搜索历史数据库,有可能补充传统的环境危害记录,特别是在缺乏正式水文气象数据的地区。我们评估了 GT 在 2014 年至 2018 年期间识别肯尼亚和乌干达强降雨和洪水的程度。我们将来自 GT 的洪水搜索计数与可用的降雨记录和媒体报道进行三角测量,以建立极端事件清单。Spearman 等级相关性 (ρ) 在肯尼亚的月平均洪水搜索兴趣和月气候灾害组红外降水与站 (CHIRPS) 降雨总量之间为 ρ = +0.38 ( p  < 0.005) 和 ρ = +0.64 ( p < 0.001) 对于乌干达。洪水的媒体报道用于指定可检测性阈值,以根据 GT 搜索兴趣给出相同的洪水总体频率。当 GT 搜索指数阈值设置为≥15 和 ≥29 时,在肯尼亚和乌干达已知洪水事件的 5 天窗口内,正确检测率分别为 75% 和 64%。从这些初步探索中,我们得出结论,GT 具有作为代理数据源的潜力,但在搜索量较大的地方可能会出现更高的技能,并通过链接到有关次国家级环境危害的历史信息。如果 Google 算法如何确定主题的透明度更高,GT 平台的适用性可能会更广泛。
更新日期:2021-03-30
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