The aim of this study is to explore the trade dynamics involved in the large-scale distribution of olive oil produced in Baetica province (currently Andalusia). Baetica became an important production and distribution centre during the Roman Empire and its goods have been found in thousands of sites, but it is still unclear how exactly this large-scale production was organised. We explore here connections between production and consumption sites during the period of most intense activity (1st to 3rd centuries AD). Specifically, we use amphoric stamps as proxies to identify the workshops where amphorae located in consumer sites were produced. To achieve this goal, we analyse a dataset of stamps found in two types of sites: (1) workshops from Baetica province and (2) consumption centres located in two provinces: Germania (Inferior and Superior) and Britannia. This dataset is used to detect links between specific sites that may share a large percentage of common stamps. The analysis is performed using quantitative methods borrowed from Ecology that allows us to group sites based on the number of stamps shared between them. Finally, results highlight the structure of economic processes of the Roman Empire using the archaeological evidence of olive oil large-scale distribution.

这项研究的目的是探讨参与Baetica省（现为安达卢西亚）的橄榄油大规模分销所涉及的贸易动态。在罗马帝国时期，Baetica成为重要的生产和分销中心，其商品已在数千个地点发现，但仍不清楚这种大规模生产的组织方式。我们在这里探讨最活跃的活动时期（公元1至3世纪）生产和消费场所之间的联系。具体来说，我们使用两栖邮票作为代理，以识别生产消费场所中的两栖动物的工作坊。为了实现这一目标，我们分析了在两种类型的站点中发现的邮票数据集：（1）Baetica的讲习班省和（2）位于两个省的消费中心：日耳曼尼亚（上，下）和不列颠。该数据集用于检测特定站点之间的链接，这些站点之间可能会共享大量的通用图章。分析是使用从生态学借来的定量方法进行的，该方法使我们可以根据站点之间共享的邮票数量对站点进行分组。最后，使用橄榄油大规模分布的考古证据，结果突显了罗马帝国经济进程的结构。