Ilex paraguariensis, commonly known as yerba mate, is a tree species native to South America. Its commercial value is due to the manufacturing of teas, with potential also in the pharmacological and cosmetic industries. Vegetative propagation of yerba mate is considered an innovation to the traditional production systems based on sexual propagation. The present study aimed to evaluate the rhizogenic potential and chemical attributes of mini-cuttings from 15 yerba mate genotypes, as well as to verify the correlation between phytochemical and rooting-related variables. Mini-cuttings were collected from a pre-existing mini-clonal hedge and the experimental design was completely randomized, with 15 treatments (genotypes), four replications and 10 mini-cuttings per plot. After 120 days, mini-cuttings were assessed regarding rooting, mortality, callogenesis and leaf retention percentages, percentage of mini-cuttings with both calluses and roots, number of roots and average root length. At the time of collection, subsamples from each plot were used for phytochemical analyses including total phenolic compounds, protein, caffeine and theobromine contents and antioxidant activity. Rooting percentages ranged from 5 to 72.5%, with significant variation among genotypes. Adventitious rooting and phytochemical profile of yerba mate mini-cuttings are genotype-dependent. Leaf retention is a relevant factor in the rooting of yerba mate mini-cuttings and the levels of total phenolic compounds, antioxidants and theobromine present in mini-cuttings are negatively correlated components to Ilex paraguariensis adventitious rooting.

中文翻译：

---

马黛茶基因型的营养繁殖、化学成分和抗氧化活性

巴拉圭冬青，俗称马黛茶，是一种原产于南美洲的树种。它的商业价值在于茶的制造，在药理学和化妆品行业也具有潜力。马黛茶的无性繁殖被认为是对基于有性繁殖的传统生产系统的创新。本研究旨在评估 15 种马黛茶基因型的微型插条的发根潜力和化学属性，并验证植物化学和生根相关变量之间的相关性。从预先存在的微型克隆树篱中收集小插条，实验设计完全随机化，每个小区有 15 个处理（基因型）、4 次重复和 10 个小插条。120 天后，评估小插条的生根、死亡率、愈伤组织和叶片保留百分比，具有愈伤组织和根的小插条的百分比，根数和平均根长。在收集时，每个小区的子样本用于植物化学分析，包括总酚类化合物、蛋白质、咖啡因和可可碱含量以及抗氧化活性。生根率从 5% 到 72.5% 不等，基因型之间存在显着差异。马黛茶微型插条的不定生根和植物化学特征是基因型依赖性的。叶保留是马黛茶小插条生根的一个相关因素，小插条中总酚类化合物、抗氧化剂和可可碱的含量与马黛茶小插条生根呈负相关。在收集时，每个小区的子样本用于植物化学分析，包括总酚类化合物、蛋白质、咖啡因和可可碱含量以及抗氧化活性。生根率从 5% 到 72.5% 不等，基因型之间存在显着差异。马黛茶微型插条的不定生根和植物化学特征是基因型依赖性的。叶保留是马黛茶小插条生根的一个相关因素，小插条中总酚类化合物、抗氧化剂和可可碱的含量与马黛茶小插条生根呈负相关。在收集时，每个小区的子样本用于植物化学分析，包括总酚类化合物、蛋白质、咖啡因和可可碱含量以及抗氧化活性。生根率从 5% 到 72.5% 不等，基因型之间存在显着差异。马黛茶微型插条的不定生根和植物化学特征是基因型依赖性的。叶保留是马黛茶小插条生根的一个相关因素，小插条中总酚类化合物、抗氧化剂和可可碱的含量与马黛茶小插条生根呈负相关。基因型之间存在显着差异。马黛茶微型插条的不定生根和植物化学特征是基因型依赖性的。叶保留是马黛茶小插条生根的一个相关因素，小插条中总酚类化合物、抗氧化剂和可可碱的含量与马黛茶小插条生根呈负相关。基因型之间存在显着差异。马黛茶微型插条的不定生根和植物化学特征是基因型依赖性的。叶保留是马黛茶小插条生根的一个相关因素，小插条中总酚类化合物、抗氧化剂和可可碱的含量与马黛茶小插条生根呈负相关。巴拉圭冬青不定生根。