Depression is associated with reduced flexibility in emotion regulation (ER). Diversity in the use of ER strategies is crucial for ER flexibility. In this study, we examined associations between depression and ER diversity and proposed a novel measure: the ER diversity index. Currently depressed (n = 58), remitted depressed (n = 65), and healthy control participants (n = 55) rated their use of nine ER strategies. Four ER measures were computed (diversity index, sum score, flexibility score, intraindividual standard deviation), and their association with diagnostic group was compared. The ER diversity index was associated with depression status more strongly than all other ER measures. Currently and remitted depressed individuals exhibited greater diversity in ER strategies overall and maladaptive ER strategies but less diversity in adaptive ER strategies compared with healthy individuals. Thus, the ER diversity index may be a valid measure of ER diversity, and ER diversity may have an important role in depression.

抑郁症与情绪调节（ER）的灵活性降低有关。ER策略使用的多样性对于ER灵活性至关重要。在这项研究中，我们研究了抑郁与内质网多样性之间的关联，并提出了一种新的测量方法：内质网多样性指数。当前抑郁（n = 58），缓解抑郁（n = 65）和健康对照者（n= 55）对他们使用了9种ER策略进行了评分。计算了四个ER指标（多样性指数，总和得分，灵活性得分，个体内标准差），并比较了它们与诊断组的相关性。与所有其他ER指标相比，ER多样性指数与抑郁状态的相关性更强。与健康个体相比，当前和缓解的抑郁个体在整体ER策略和适应不良的ER策略中表现出更大的多样性，但在适应性ER策略中表现出的多样性更低。因此，ER多样性指数可能是ER多样性的有效度量，并且ER多样性可能在抑郁症中起重要作用。