ABSTRACT

At the turn of the twentieth century, town planning and public health ideals coalesced, with health and environmental reformers working in concert to promote goals of healthy and sanitary towns for all. Focussing on South Australia, this article demonstrates how pulmonary tuberculosis lay at the heart of many strategies suggested by doctors, sanitarians, architects, and advocates for the nascent town planning profession. Tuberculosis, as the biggest killer of that era, had no cure, so prevention and treatment relied on behavioural and environmental interventions. Light, air and space were central to treatment regimens, with the trio also forming the basis for the environmental planning qualities put forward by town planning reformers who hoped to create a preventative environment. Reformers believed they could achieve healthier living conditions and help conquer tuberculosis through the means of housing improvement, slum clearance, open space provision and street layout with all of these combining in garden city and suburb design. This article explores the work of health and town planning advocates in South Australia in order to uncover just how much the fight against tuberculosis influenced the beginnings of the crusade for town planning.

摘要

在 20 世纪之交，城镇规划和公共卫生理想结合在一起，健康和环境改革者齐心协力推动实现人人享有健康和卫生城镇的目标。本文以南澳大利亚为重点，展示了肺结核如何成为医生、卫生学家、建筑师和新兴城市规划专业倡导者提出的许多策略的核心。肺结核作为那个时代的最大杀手，无药可救，因此预防和治疗依赖于行为和环境干预。光、空气和空间是治疗方案的核心，这三者也构成了希望创造预防性环境的城市规划改革者提出的环境规划质量的基础。改革者相信他们可以通过改善住房、清理贫民窟、提供开放空间和街道布局以及将所有这些结合在花园城市和郊区设计中来实现更健康的生活条件并帮助战胜结核病。本文探讨了南澳大利亚健康和城市规划倡导者的工作，以揭示抗击结核病对城市规划运动的开始有多大影响。