Abstract

Persistent limitations to the industry-centric and resident-centric approaches to tourism highlight the need for innovation to achieve sustainability and resilience. Advantages of positioning and ultimately mobilizing destination residents as citizens, as per evolving citizenship theory, include conferrals of duties and rights that synthesize the two approaches and designate appropriate virtues and behaviors across norms of participation, autonomy, commitment to social order, and solidarity. Citizenship, additionally, is an existing status which bestows member equality, and has evolved to include an engagement-based dimension effective for addressing specific topics such as tourism sustainability. We integrate citizenship rights, duties, virtues and behaviors into the enlightened mass tourism framework to create a compelling basis for attaining sustainable and resilient tourism which complements ongoing dominant narratives of “resident” or “community.” Future studies should consider issues associated with problematic or qualified citizenship, the status of tourists, and incorporating resilience.

摘要

以行业为中心和以居民为中心的旅游方法的持续局限性凸显了创新的必要性，以实现可持续性和复原力。根据不断发展的公民理论，将目的地居民定位并最终动员为公民的优势包括赋予职责和权利，综合这两种方法，并在参与、自主、对社会秩序的承诺和团结的规范中指定适当的美德和行为。此外，公民身份是一种赋予成员平等的现有地位，并且已经发展到包括一个基于参与的维度，可有效解决旅游可持续性等特定主题。我们整合公民权利、义务、将美德和行为纳入开明的大众旅游框架，为实现可持续和有弹性的旅游创造一个令人信服的基础，补充“居民”或“社区”的持续主导叙事。未来的研究应考虑与有问题的或合格的公民身份、游客的地位以及融入复原力相关的问题。