Climate change is a major challenge for the agricultural sector worldwide. Smallholder farmers are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change owing to their high dependence on agriculture for livelihood sustenance. Building smallholder farmers’ livelihood resilience to the adverse effects of environmental change is critical to addressing their vulnerabilities. This paper comparatively assessed livelihood resilience of smallholder farmers in Isiolo County, Kenya and Northwestern Cameroon in the face of environmental changes. The results are based on household surveys of 339 farmers in Kenya and 350 farmers in Cameroon. Findings showed that using the same measures of livelihood resilience, farmers’ resilience were significantly different in the Kenyan and Cameroonian study areas (p < 0.05), with farmers in Cameroon being relatively more resilient than farmers in Kenya. In both study sites, a statistically significant causal relationship (p < 0.05) existed between farmers’ resilience and livelihood capital assets such as human capital (number of household members between 18 to 55 years, education level), natural capital (number of farms, size of farmland, number of agroforestry trees on the farm), financial capital (access to bank account, ownership of livestock, ownership of farmland, trees, and farm equipment), social capital (participation in agricultural group), and physical capital (use of irrigation). However, some livelihood capital assets were more important for building resilience in Isiolo County, Kenya while others were more important in Northwestern Cameroon. On the basis of these findings, it is recommended that climate change adaptation interventions and policies should take a critical look at the determinants of resilience in order to come up with effective plans of action that can enhance farmers’ resilience to environmental changes occurring in Kenya and Cameroon, and elsewhere.

气候变化是全球农业部门面临的主要挑战。小农由于高度依赖农业来维持生计，因此特别容易受到气候变化的影响。建立小农户的生存能力以应对环境变化的不利影响对于解决其脆弱性至关重要。面对环境变化，本文比较评估了肯尼亚Isiolo县和喀麦隆西北部小农户的生计适应力。结果基于对肯尼亚339位农民和喀麦隆350位农民的家庭调查。研究结果表明，在肯尼亚和喀麦隆研究地区，采用相同的生计抵御能力衡量方法，农民的抵御能力显着不同（p <0.05），喀麦隆的农民比肯尼亚的农民更具韧性。在两个研究地点，因果关系均具有统计学意义（p 农民的应变能力和生计资本资产之间存在<0.05，例如人力资本（18至55岁之间的家庭成员数量，教育程度），自然资本（农场数量，耕地面积，农场上的农林树木数量） ，金融资本（使用银行帐户，拥有牲畜，拥有农田，树木和农具），社会资本（参与农业团体）和实物资本（使用灌溉）。但是，一些生计资本资产对于增强肯尼亚Isiolo县的抵御能力更为重要，而另一些在喀麦隆西北部更为重要。根据这些发现，