Abstract

Organic rubbers, comprising carbon–carbon links in their polymer backbone, are an essential part of modern everyday life. Tough, their unique properties are mainly governed by reinforcing fillers such as carbon black and silica. However, the reinforcing power is not only driven by the chemical nature of fillers but also by their particle size, shape, distribution and dispersion. In order to minimize agglomeration and processing difficulties, the idea of in situ generated fillers has been approached. In situ means “locally” and refers to the generation of fillers during the vulcanization process. This versatile technique provides individual tailoring of rubber compounds due to numerous possible reaction pathways. In situ reinforcement has been reported for all relevant rubber matrixes and is already employed commercially. In this review, a comprehensive overview of possible in situ reinforcing strategies for organic rubbers and their impact on mechanical properties is provided. It covers the reinforcing power of sol–gel derived in situ fillers, metal salts of unsaturated carboxylic acids as well as the formation of interpenetrating networks with resins in detail.

摘要

有机橡胶在其聚合物主链中包含碳-碳键，是现代日常生活的重要组成部分。坚韧，它们的独特性能主要受碳黑和二氧化硅等补强填料支配。然而，增强能力不仅取决于填料的化学性质，还取决于它们的粒径、形状、分布和分散性。为了尽量减少结块和加工困难，已经接近了原位生成填料的想法。原位是指“局部”，是指在硫化过程中产生的填料。由于多种可能的反应途径，这种通用技术提供了对橡胶化合物的个性化定制。原位已经报道了所有相关橡胶基质的增强作用，并且已经在商业上使用。在这篇综述中，全面概述了有机橡胶可能的原位增强策略及其对机械性能的影响。它详细介绍了溶胶-凝胶原位填料的增强能力、不饱和羧酸的金属盐以及与树脂形成互穿网络。