In the second half of the nineteenth century, the Romanian provinces of Wallachia and Moldavia experienced a series of modernising reforms, some of them concerning the agrarian regime. The enforcement of the Organic Statues in the 1830s attempted to reform the political and economic life of the principalities, but it favoured the big landowners, at the expense of the peasantry. The agrarian reform enacted in 1864 put an end to serfdom and granted the right to own land to former corvée peasants. It was soon followed by the appropriation for the newlyweds, a law that offered land to newly married peasants in order to settle them in low populated rural areas. Population growth triggered a new demand for agricultural land because the big landowners still controlled approximately two thirds of the arable land. As a result, in 1881 and 1889 the state passed two laws concerning the sale of public domains to the peasantry, attempting to improve their standard of living. This article focuses on the process of rural colonisation, which took place at the end of the nineteenth century after the sale of state-owned estates to the peasants. Using data extracted from official statistics the article analyses, from a spatial point of view, the creation of a series of new settlements in low populated but fertile regions of the country. Finally, the article investigates how, at that time, this rural colonisation was perceived by peasants, politicians and rural sociologists.

中文翻译：

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罗马尼亚农村的内部殖民化：19 世纪末国有地产的出售

19 世纪下半叶，罗马尼亚的瓦拉几亚和摩尔达维亚省经历了一系列现代化改革，其中一些与农业制度有关。1830 年代有机雕像的实施试图改革公国的政治和经济生活，但它有利于大地主，牺牲了农民。1864 年实行的土地改革结束了农奴制，将土地所有权授予前徜徉农民。紧随其后的是对新婚夫妇的拨款，该法律向新婚农民提供土地，以便他们在人口稀少的农村地区定居。人口增长引发了对农业用地的新需求，因为大地主仍然控制着大约三分之二的耕地。结果，国家在 1881 年和 1889 年通过了两项关于向农民出售公共领域的法律，试图提高他们的生活水平。本文关注农村殖民化的过程，这一过程发生在 19 世纪末将国有地产出售给农民之后。该文章使用从官方统计数据中提取的数据，从空间的角度分析了在该国人口稀少但肥沃的地区创建了一系列新定居点。最后，