Interlocutors tend to refer to objects using the same names as each other. We investigated whether native and non-native interlocutors’ tendency to do so is influenced by speakers’ nativeness and by their beliefs about an interlocutor's nativeness. A native or non-native participant and a native or non-native confederate directed each other around a map to deliver objects to locations. We manipulated whether confederates referred to objects using a favored or disfavored name, while controlling for confederates’ language behavior. We found evidence of audience design for native and non-native addressees: participants were more likely to use a disfavored name after a non-native confederate used that name than after a native confederate used that name; this tendency did not differ between native and non-native participants. Results suggest that both native and non-native speakers can adapt to the language of non-native partners through non-automatic, goal-directed mechanisms of alignment during cognitively demanding communicative tasks.

中文翻译：

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词汇对齐受收件人影响，但不受说话人本地性影响

对话者倾向于使用彼此相同的名称来指代对象。我们调查了母语和非母语对话者这样做的倾向是否受到说话者的母语以及他们对对话者母语的信念的影响。本地或非本地参与者和本地或非本地同盟者围绕地图相互引导以将对象递送到位置。我们控制了同盟者是否使用喜欢或不喜欢的名称来引用对象，同时控制同盟者的语言行为。我们发现了针对母语和非母语收件人的受众设计证据：在非母语同盟者使用该名称后，参与者更有可能使用一个不受欢迎的名称，而不是在本地同盟者使用该名称后；这种趋势在本地和非本地参与者之间没有差异。