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Differentiation of different antifungals with various mechanisms using dynamic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning
Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-25 , DOI: 10.1142/s1793545821410029
Hao Li 1, 2, 3 , Yongbing Cao 4 , Feng Lu 1, 5
Affiliation  

With the increase in mortality caused by pathogens worldwide and the subsequent serious drug resistance owing to the abuse of antibiotics, there is an urgent need to develop versatile analytical techniques to address this public issue. Vibrational spectroscopy, such as infrared (IR) or Raman spectroscopy, is a rapid, noninvasive, nondestructive, real-time, low-cost, and user-friendly technique that has recently gained considerable attention. In particular, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can provide a highly sensitive readout for bio-detection with ultralow or even trace content. Nevertheless, extra attachment cost, nonaqueous acquisition, and low reproducibility require the conventional SERS (C-SERS) to further optimize the conditions. The emergence of dynamic SERS (D-SERS) sheds light on C-SERS because of the dispensable substrate design, superior enhancement and stability of Raman signals, and solvent protection. The powerful sensitivity enables D-SERS to perform only with a portable Raman spectrometer with moderate spatial resolution and precision. Moreover, the assistance of machine learning methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA), further broadens its research depth through data mining of the information within the spectra. Therefore, in this study, D-SERS, a portable Raman spectrometer, and PCA were used to determine the phenotypic variations of fungal cells Candida albicans (C. albicans) under the influence of different antifungals with various mechanisms, and unknown antifungals were predicted using the established PCA model. We hope that the proposed technique will become a promising candidate for finding and screening new drugs in the future.

中文翻译:

使用动态表面增强拉曼光谱结合机器学习区分不同机制的不同抗真菌剂

随着世界范围内由病原体引起的死亡率的增加以及随后由于滥用抗生素而导致的严重耐药性,迫切需要开发通用的分析技术来解决这一公共问题。振动光谱,如红外 (IR) 或拉曼光谱,是一种快速、无创、无损、实时、低成本和用户友好的技术,最近受到了广泛关注。特别是,表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS) 可以为生物检测提供高灵敏度读数,具有超低甚至痕量含量。然而,额外的连接成本、非水相采集和低重现性需要传统的 SERS (C-SERS) 来进一步优化条件。动态 SERS (D-SERS) 的出现为 C-SERS 提供了启示,因为其可有可无的基板设计、拉曼信号的出色增强和稳定性以及溶剂保护。强大的灵敏度使 D-SERS 只需使用具有中等空间分辨率和精度的便携式拉曼光谱仪即可执行。此外,借助机器学习方法,如主成分分析(PCA),通过对光谱内信息的数据挖掘,进一步拓宽了其研究深度。因此,在本研究中,使用便携式拉曼光谱仪 D-SERS 和 PCA 来确定真菌细胞的表型变异 强大的灵敏度使 D-SERS 只需使用具有中等空间分辨率和精度的便携式拉曼光谱仪即可执行。此外,借助机器学习方法,如主成分分析(PCA),通过对光谱内信息的数据挖掘,进一步拓宽了其研究深度。因此,在本研究中,使用便携式拉曼光谱仪 D-SERS 和 PCA 来确定真菌细胞的表型变异 强大的灵敏度使 D-SERS 只需使用具有中等空间分辨率和精度的便携式拉曼光谱仪即可执行。此外,借助机器学习方法,如主成分分析(PCA),通过对光谱内信息的数据挖掘,进一步拓宽了其研究深度。因此,在本研究中,使用便携式拉曼光谱仪 D-SERS 和 PCA 来确定真菌细胞的表型变异白色念珠菌(白色念珠菌) 在不同机制的不同抗真菌药物的影响下,使用已建立的 PCA 模型预测未知抗真菌药物。我们希望所提出的技术将成为未来寻找和筛选新药的有希望的候选者。
更新日期:2021-03-25
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