Abstract

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and the search for specialised therapy options has been a challenge for decades. The emergence of active targeted therapies provides the opportunity to treat cancerous tissues without harming healthy ones due to peculiar physiological changes. Herein, peptides and peptide analogs have been gaining a lot of attention over the last decade, especially for the on-site delivery of therapeutics to target tissues in order to achieve efficient and reliable cancer treatment. Combining peptides with highly efficient drug delivery platforms could potentially eliminate off-target adverse effects encountered during active targeting of conventional chemotherapeutics. Small size, ease of production and characterisation, low immunogenicity and satisfactory binding affinity of peptides offer some advantages over other complex targeting moiety, no wonder the market of peptide-based drugs continues to expand expeditiously. It is estimated that the global peptide drug market will be worth around USD 48.04 billion by 2025, with a compound annual growth rate of 9.4%. In this review, the current state of art of peptide-based therapeutics with special interest on tumour targeting peptides has been discussed. Moreover, various active targeting strategies such as the use functionalised peptides or peptide analogs are also elaborated.

摘要

癌症是全球第二大死亡原因，几十年来，寻找专门的治疗方案一直是一个挑战。主动靶向疗法的出现为治疗癌组织提供了机会，而不会因特殊的生理变化而伤害健康组织。在此，肽和肽类似物在过去十年中受到了广泛关注，特别是用于将治疗剂现场递送至靶组织以实现有效和可靠的癌症治疗。将肽与高效的药物递送平台相结合，可能会消除在常规化疗药物的主动靶向过程中遇到的脱靶副作用。体积小，易于生产和表征，肽的低免疫原性和令人满意的结合亲和力提供了优于其他复杂靶向部分的一些优势，难怪基于肽的药物市场继续迅速扩大。预计到2025年，全球多肽药物市场规模将达到480.4亿美元左右，年复合增长率为9.4%。在这篇综述中，对肿瘤靶向肽特别感兴趣的基于肽的治疗的当前状态进行了讨论。此外，还详细阐述了各种主动靶向策略，例如使用功能化肽或肽类似物。年复合增长率为9.4%。在这篇综述中，对肿瘤靶向肽特别感兴趣的基于肽的治疗的当前状态进行了讨论。此外，还详细阐述了各种主动靶向策略，例如使用功能化肽或肽类似物。年复合增长率为9.4%。在这篇综述中，对肿瘤靶向肽特别感兴趣的基于肽的治疗的当前状态进行了讨论。此外，还详细阐述了各种主动靶向策略，例如使用功能化肽或肽类似物。