ABSTRACT

Sustainable management approaches should be considered to meet gaps between soybean N demand and biological N fixation in poor nutrient soils. Field studies were laid out in 2015 and 2016 to determine the effect of integrated fertilizer systems and zeolite application on two cultivars of soybean. The experiment design was randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement of treatments and three replications. Treatments comprised of two soybean cultivars (C) (M7 and M9), five fertilization systems (F1, 100% sheep manure; F2, 100% urea; F3, 50%, urea + 50% sheep manure; F4, 75% urea + 25% sheep manure and F5, 25% urea + 75% sheep manure), and four zeolite rates (Z1: 0 Mg ha⁻¹ zeolite application (control) Z2: 4 Mg ha⁻¹, Z3: 8 Mg ha⁻¹, Z4: 12 Mg ha⁻¹). Soybean seed yield and yield components were considerably enhanced by applying integrated treatments (F3-F5), but the impact of their application was potentiated by increasing the level of applied zeolite. Increasing the zeolite from 0 to 12 Mg ha⁻¹ increased M7 seed yield by 55% and 73% in F2 and F4 treatments, respectively. Fertilizer systems did not affect oil content, even though cultivar ×year interaction affected this trait. According to the quadratic model, the maximum seed protein was achieved with the application of 8.4 Mg zeolite ha⁻¹. Nitrogen fertilizer led to a low oil yield and a high protein yield while zeolite improved both traits. The study demonstrates that amending soil by these natural fertilizers manures could be a promising strategy to improve soybean yield and quality.

摘要

应考虑采用可持续管理方法来弥补贫营养土壤中大豆氮需求与生物固氮之间的差距。2015 年和 2016 年开展了田间研究，以确定综合施肥系统和沸石施用对两个大豆品种的影响。实验设计为随机完全区组设计，处理因子安排和三个重复。处理包括两个大豆品种 (C)（M7 和 M9）、五种施肥系统（F1，100% 羊粪；F2，100% 尿素；F3，50%，尿素 + 50% 羊粪；F4，75% 尿素 + 25% 羊粪和 F5、25% 尿素 + 75% 羊粪）和四种沸石比率（Z1：0 Mg ha ^-1沸石施用（对照）Z2：4 Mg ha ^-1，Z3：8 Mg ha ^-1， Z4：12 毫克公顷^-1 )。通过应用综合处理 (F3-F5)，大豆种子产量和产量构成显着提高，但其应用的影响通过增加沸石的应用水平而增强。在 F2 和 F4 处理中，将沸石从 0 增加到 12 Mg ha ^-1使 M7 种子产量分别增加了 55% 和 73%。肥料系统不影响含油量，即使品种×年的相互作用影响了这一性状。根据二次模型，使用 8.4 Mg 沸石 ha ^-1达到最大种子蛋白质. 氮肥导致低油产量和高蛋白质产量，而沸石改善了这两种性状。该研究表明，通过这些天然肥料肥料改良土壤可能是提高大豆产量和质量的一种有前景的策略。