ABSTRACT

Ethnic and land conflicts have recently gained significance in peace and conflict resolution. It is imperative to understand both endogenous and exogenous factors and their relations towards the institutional, democratic, and state-building process to mediate the risks of class and land conflicts. This paper attempts to identify historical relations of land and class structure by analysing Burundi land and class conflict and its significance for peace and stability. We found that the imbalance of land ownership and class structure in a society leads to armed conflicts, leading to an outbreak of other social conflicts, including violence, forced displacement, paralyzed land governance, and power relations changes. Hence, there is a dire need to foster reintegration and reconciliation through balanced multiple diplomacies in Burundi, enhancing state legitimacy towards sustainable land tenure security, improving state capacity, and ensuring justice in the reconciliation process, in association with local and regional powers.

摘要

民族和土地冲突最近在和平与解决冲突中变得越来越重要。必须了解内在和外在因素及其与体制，民主和国家建设过程之间的关系，以调解阶级和土地冲突的风险。本文试图通过分析布隆迪土地和阶级冲突及其对和平与稳定的意义，来确定土地和阶级结构的历史关系。我们发现，一个社会中土地所有权和阶级结构的不平衡会导致武装冲突，导致其他社会冲突的爆发，包括暴力，强迫流离失所，瘫痪的土地治理和权力关系的变化。因此，迫切需要通过平衡的布隆迪外交来促进重返社会与和解，