Exploring phytoplankton biodiversity and biogeographic patterns, and the factors that control them, can help to understand the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. We selected mountain ponds with minimal anthropogenic disturbance to reveal the biogeographic patterns of phytoplankton and to assess the influence of spatial and environmental factors on phytoplankton biodiversity. On a large regional scale, the phytoplankton communities in the mountain ponds showed geographic patterns—the community composition differed between eastern and western areas. A total of seven phyla and 73 genera were identified. Alpha diversity indices did not significantly correlate with nutrient concentrations. Environmental factors and principal coordinates of neighbour matrices together explained 28.5% of the total variation in phytoplankton community composition in the 41 ponds, with each uniquely explaining 3.0% and 14.4% of the total variation, respectively. Therefore, compared with environmental factors, spatial factors predominantly contributed to the distribution of phytoplankton across the study area. With increasing trophic status, the relative influence of spatial factors decreased, while that of environmental factors increased.

探索浮游植物的生物多样性和生物地理格局，以及控制它们的因素，可以帮助了解水生生态系统的结构和功能。我们选择了人为干扰最小的山区池塘，以揭示浮游植物的生物地理格局，并评估空间和环境因素对浮游生物多样性的影响。在较大的区域范围内，山区池塘中的浮游植物群落表现出地理格局-东西方之间的群落组成有所不同。总共鉴定出七个门和73属。阿尔法多样性指数与养分浓度没有显着相关。环境因素和相邻矩阵的主坐标一起解释了28。41个池塘中浮游植物群落组成总变化的5％，每一个分别分别解释了总变化的3.0％和14.4％。因此，与环境因素相比，空间因素主要影响了整个研究区域浮游植物的分布。随着营养状况的增加，空间因素的相对影响减小，而环境因素的相对影响增加。