The native vs. exotic status of reed canarygrass (RCG), a major invasive species of Minnesota wetlands, is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate this native vs. exotic status to enhance its management. Genetic comparison of wild RCG populations from six Minnesota and six Czech Republic rivers was performed. A total of 2521 polymorphic SNP markers (single nucleotide polymorphisms) were used to evaluate 478 RCG samples across all collections. In the PCoA, all (n = 256) tested extant wild, riparian RCG genotypes from six Minnesota Rivers and six Czech Republic Rivers were genetically distinct, although some SNPs were common in both populations since they are the same species. DAPC analysis also resulted in the formation of two primary clusters separating the Minnesota Rivers and Czech Republic Rivers riparian samples, with little overlap; STRUCTURE analysis also supported this clustering with k = 4 groups as it separated the Czech Republic Rivers populations into three groups, along with Minnesota Rivers. The uniformity of PCoA, DAPC, STRUCTURE, and Evanno results indicates the distinct separation of Minnesota Rivers and Czech Republic Rivers populations. Portions of the genome (specific SNPs) are preserved or in common across continents, as indicated by STRUCTURE similarities. Nonetheless, overall significant SNP differences between the continents indicate that the Minnesota riparian populations are distinct enough from the European (Czech) collections to be delineated as native N. American RCG. PCoA of all the Minnesota RCG collections clustered Minnesota Rivers, Herbarium, Extant Herbarium, Research Field and Native Field collections together. STRUCTURE analysis (k = 2; Evanno) divided these Minnesota collections from the Commercial Field and Cultivars collections. There are two genetically distinct groups of RCG in Minnesota and since the Minnesota Rivers, the Research Field, the Native Field and pre-1930 herbaria collections clustered together, they are most likely native N. American types. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the genetic variation was more significant within, rather than among, the RCG populations. Native, historic herbaria types cluster together with all wild RCG river populations in Minnesota, all of which were distinct from those in Central Europe, suggesting native RCG type persistence in N. America. Also, cultivated forage types of RCG are distinct from wild RCG Minnesota river populations. The SNP genetic data shows that riparian Minnesota RCG populations are native. These data will facilitate future management strategies to control RCG as a native, but invasive, species.

明尼苏达州湿地的主要入侵物种芦苇金丝雀（RCG）的本地和外来状态尚不清楚。这项研究的目的是调查这种本地与外来身份，以加强管理。对来自六个明尼苏达州和六个捷克共和国河流的野生RCG种群进行了遗传比较。总共2521个多态性SNP标记（单核苷酸多态性）用于评估所有集合中的478个RCG样品。在PCoA中，来自六个明尼苏达河和六个捷克共和国河的所有现存的野生河岸RCG基因型（n = 256）均具有遗传差异，尽管这两个种群中有一些SNP是相同物种，所以很常见。DAPC分析还导致形成两个主要的簇，将明尼苏达河和捷克共和国河的河岸样本分开，几乎没有重叠。结构分析还支持了k = 4组的聚类，因为它将捷克共和国河流人口与明尼苏达河河流分为三类。PCoA，DAPC，结构和Evanno结果的均一性表明明尼苏达河和捷克共和国河的人口有明显的分离。如结构相似性所示，基因组的某些部分（特定的SNP）在整个大陆上都被保留或共有。尽管如此，各大洲之间总体上显着的SNP差异表明，明尼苏达河沿岸的种群与欧洲（捷克）的种群截然不同，因此被定性为美洲NRC。明尼苏达州所有RCG集合的PCoA将明尼苏达河，植物标本室，现存植物标本室，研究领域和本机领域的集合聚集在一起。结构分析（k = 2; Evanno）将这些明尼苏达州的收藏品从Commercial Field和Cultivars收藏品中分离出来。明尼苏达州有两个遗传上不同的RCG组，并且由于明尼苏达州的河流，研究领域，原生领域和1930年前的草本植物群聚集在一起，因此它们很可能是美洲原住民类型。分子变异分析（AMOVA）表明，遗传变异在RCG群体内而不是在RCG群体之间更为显着。明尼苏达州本地的历史悠久的草本植物类型与所有野生RCG河口种群聚集在一起，所有这些都与中欧地区不同，这表明北美地区的本地RCG类型持续存在。另外，RCG的牧草类型与明尼苏达州野生RCG的野生种群截然不同。SNP遗传数据表明，明尼苏达河沿岸RCG种群是本地种群。