Field observations of the soil-to-atmosphere CO₂ flux—soil respiration, R_S—are a prime example of ‘long tail’ data that historically have had neither centralized databases nor an agreed-upon reporting format. This has hindered scientific transparency, analytical reproducibility, and syntheses with respect to this globally-important component of the carbon cycle. Here we propose a new data and metadata reporting format for R_S data, based on engagement with a wide range of researchers in the earth and ecological sciences as well as expert advisory panels. Our goal was a reporting format that would be relevant and useful for synthesis activities, optimizing data discoverability and usability while not placing an undue burden on data contributors. We describe previous R_S data collection efforts, lessons learned from related databases and data-oriented networks (e.g., FLUXNET) in earth and ecological sciences, and the process of community consultation. The proposed reporting format focuses on chamber-level data and metadata, specifying measurement conditions and, for a given measurement period defined by beginning and ending timestamps, a mean R_S flux (or CO₂ concentration) and associated ancillary measurements. With input from the research community, we have also developed research data and metadata templates to support data collection adhering to the reporting format. Fundamentally, this format aims to enable findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable data, while providing ‘future-proofing’ capabilities to support reanalyses using as yet unknown algorithms or approaches. This proposed R_S reporting format is openly available online and is intended to be a dynamic document, subject to further community feedback and/or change.

从土壤到大气中的CO ₂通量（土壤呼吸R _S）的现场观察是“长尾巴”数据的典型示例，该数据在历史上既没有集中式数据库，也没有商定的报告格式。这阻碍了科学透明性，分析可重复性以及有关碳循环这一全球重要组成部分的合成。在此，我们为R _S提出了一种新的数据和元数据报告格式数据是基于与地球和生态科学领域的众多研究人员以及专家咨询小组的互动而得出的。我们的目标是建立一种报告格式，该格式对于综合活动而言应是相关且有用的，它可以优化数据的可发现性和可用性，同时又不会给数据提供者造成不必要的负担。我们描述了以前的_RS数据收集工作，从相关的数据库和面向地球和生态科学的面向数据的网络（例如FLUXNET）中汲取的经验教训以及社区咨询的过程。建议的报告格式着重于处理室级别的数据和元数据，指定测量条件，并且在由开始和结束时间戳记定义的给定测量时段内，平均R _S通量（或CO ₂浓度）和相关的辅助测量值。借助研究社区的意见，我们还开发了研究数据和元数据模板，以支持遵循报告格式的数据收集。从根本上说，这种格式旨在实现可查找，可访问，可互操作和可重用的数据，同时提供“面向未来”的功能来支持使用尚未知的算法或方法进行重新分析。提议的R _S报告格式可在网上公开获得，旨在成为动态文档，需要社区的进一步反馈和/或更改。