This article explores the transformation of violence in religiously inflected representations of mental pain in Charlotte Brontë’s Villette (1853). Through the appropriation of the Old Testament narrative of Jael and Sisera (Judges 4), Brontë presents vivid, embodied re-enactments of Lucy Snowe’s psychological suffering and self-harm. These representations of self-inflicted pain provide a complex picture of literary violence as transformational. In the process of examining such transformation, this article engages with critical debates and shifting perceptions surrounding issues of pain, materialism and faith in the mid-nineteenth century, while also intersecting with ongoing conversations around matters of mental health. Villette narrates mental pain, transforming seemingly invisible experiences of suffering into witnessable and enduring testimonies of survival.

本文探讨了夏洛特·勃朗特（CharlotteBrontë）的《维莱特（Villette）》（1853年）中宗教上受到折衷的心理痛苦表征中暴力的转变。通过使用旧约圣经中Jael和Sisera的叙述（士师记4），勃朗特生动地体现了露西·斯诺的心理痛苦和自我伤害。自我痛苦的这些表现提供了文学暴力转化的复杂画面。在研究这种转变的过程中，本文进行了激烈的辩论，并在19世纪中叶围绕痛苦，唯物主义和信仰问题转变了看法，同时还与有关心理健康问题的持续对话相交。维莱特 讲述精神上的痛苦，将看似看不见的痛苦经历转化为可见证且持久的生存见证。