This study was conducted to understand the biological effects of microplastics (MPs), polystyrene microspheres (PSM), and polyethylene microparticles (PEM) in the juveniles of the giant river prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The PSM (0.5–1.0 µm) and PEM (30.0–150.0 µm) were separately incorporated into the artificial diets with concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 mg per 100 g. The prawns were fed with these diets for a period of 60 days. Compared with control, the following dose-dependent changes have been recorded in PSM and PEM incorporated feeds fed prawns: declines in the survival rate, length and weight gains; increase in activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione s-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx); elevated concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde; decreased activities of metabolic enzymes, such as glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase; higher total RNA in hepatopancreas (HP) of PSM fed prawns compared with that of PEM; higher total RNA in muscle (MU) of PEM-fed prawns compared with that of PSM; prominent cDNA bands in 150 bp regions; up-regulated heat shock protein (HSP70) gene in HP; down-regulation of HSP70 gene in MU of PSM-fed prawns only; down-regulated myostatin (MSTN) gene. These results suggest that these MPs have affected the survival and growth, activated the antioxidant defense, inhibit the metabolic enzymes, positively regulated the HSP70 gene, and negatively regulated the MSTN gene in M. rosenbergii. Therefore, exposures to PSM and PEM caused biological effects in this species of prawn.

进行这项研究是为了了解微塑料（MPs），聚苯乙烯微球（PSM）和聚乙烯微粒（PEM）在巨型河虾罗氏沼虾的幼体中的生物学效应。。PSM（0.5–1.0 µm）和PEM（30.0–150.0 µm）分别以每100 g 1、5和10 mg的浓度掺入人工饮食中。用这些饮食喂虾60天。与对照相比，在对虾中添加PSM和PEM的饲料中记录了以下剂量依赖性变化：成活率，长度和体重增加的下降；增加抗氧化酶的活性，例如超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化氢酶，谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）；还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和丙二醛的浓度升高；谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶和谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶等代谢酶的活性降低；与PEM相比，PSM喂养的虾肝胰腺（HP）中的总RNA更高；与PSM相比，PEM喂养的虾肌肉（MU）中的总RNA更高；在150 bp区域突出显示cDNA条带; 惠普中的热休克蛋白（HSP70）基因上调；仅下调PSM对虾的MU中HSP70基因的下调；下调肌肉生长抑制素（MSTN）基因。这些结果表明，这些MPs影响了小鼠的存活和生长，激活了抗氧化防御，抑制了代谢酶，正调控HSP70基因，而负调控了MSTN基因。罗氏沼虾。因此，暴露于PSM和PEM会导致这种虾种的生物学效应。