Background

Croton lechleri is a native tree from Amazon Forest and its barks are used as medicine by the indigenous peoples and their descendants. This study aimed to assess the extraction sustainably of bioactive compounds from Croton lechleri barks using chemometric tools.

Methods

Phenolic compounds were extracted and evaluated through 2³ factorial design and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was carried out, and its chromatographic profile was used for principal component analysis (PCA) to establish relationships between individual phenolic compound concentrations and the best extraction conditions. Global Response (GR) was performed to obtain a unique extraction condition for all dependent Croton lechleri barks’ dependent variables.

Results

The total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) varied from 8.8 to 46.57 mg GAE/g (Gallic acid equivalent) and from 81.17 to 283 µmol Trolox/g, respectively. These parameters show coefficients determined for TPC and AA models of 99.70% and 99.80%, respectively. Gallic acid, syringic acid, epicatechin and catechin are present in the metabolism of Croton lechleri. According to HPLC analysis, the three first compounds were better extracted in lower temperatures, while catechin proved to be more stable in higher temperatures. Results showed that the best extraction conditions occurred using water as the solvent at 35 °C during 90 min of the extraction. Also, the coefficient determined for GR was 97.05%, indicating a satisfactory fit model.

Conclusion

The extraction of phenolic compounds from Croton lechleri barks could be successfully performed due to the chemometric tools proposed in this research. Thus, the Croton lechleri barks bring prospects for its use as a natural antioxidant and open opportunity to explore new technological applications.

中文翻译：

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使用化学计量学工具从亚马逊森林中提取巴豆树皮的生物活性化合物

背景

巴豆树是来自亚马逊森林的本地树种，其树皮被土著人民及其后代用作药物。这项研究旨在评估使用化学计量学工具可持续提取巴豆树皮中生物活性化合物的能力。

方法

通过2 ³因子设计和响应面方法（RSM）提取和评估酚类化合物。进行了高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析，并将其色谱 图用于主成分分析（PCA），以建立各个酚类化合物浓度与最佳提取条件之间的关系。进行全局响应（GR），以获取所有相关巴豆树皮树皮的相关变量的唯一提取条件。

结果

总的酚类化合物（TPC）和抗氧化剂活性（AA）分别从8.8至46.57 mg GAE / g（当量苹果酸）和从81.17至283 µmol Trolox / g不等。这些参数显示为TPC和AA模型确定的系数分别为99.70％和99.80％。没食子酸，丁香酸，表儿茶素和儿茶素存在于巴豆克氏杆菌的代谢中。根据HPLC分析，在较低的温度下，前三种化合物的提取效果更好，而儿茶素在较高的温度下更稳定。结果表明，在90°C的萃取条件下，以水为溶剂，在35°C时发生了最佳萃取条件。而且，针对GR确定的系数为97.05％，表明令人满意的拟合模型。 

结论

由于这项研究中提出的化学计量学工具，可以成功地从巴豆花的 树皮中提取酚类化合物。因此，巴豆树皮为天然抗氧化剂的应用带来了前景，并为探索新技术应用提供了开放的机会。