Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among college students are associated with high rates of alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences. Use of protective behavioral strategies (PBS) is generally related to lower levels of alcohol use and problems; however, it is unclear how effectively students with ADHD symptoms can implement PBS, and whether certain types of PBS use may yield better outcomes. This study examined relations between PBS type and ADHD symptoms on both alcohol use and consequences, and whether these relations varied by biological sex. Participants were 875 college student drinkers from three universities who completed measures of ADHD symptoms, PBS, past-month alcohol use, and alcohol-related consequences. There were significant moderation effects of ADHD symptoms, such that the relation between PBS use and alcohol use was more pronounced for students high in inattention, and the relation between PBS use and alcohol-related consequences was more pronounced for students high in either inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms. These relations were found for both manner of drinking and stopping/limiting drinking PBS, and they tended to be strongest for male students. There were no significant interaction effects that included serious harm reduction PBS; for all students, increased use of this type of PBS was associated with fewer problems. These results suggest that PBS are likely effective for students with ADHD symptoms. Interventions that provide explicit instruction in employing PBS, particularly related to manner of drinking and stopping/limiting drinking strategies, are recommended for students with ADHD symptoms.

大学生的注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 症状与高酒精使用率和酒精相关后果有关。保护性行为策略 (PBS) 的使用通常与较低水平的酒精使用和问题有关；然而，目前尚不清楚患有 ADHD 症状的学生如何有效地实施 PBS，以及某些类型的 PBS 使用是否会产生更好的结果。本研究检查了 PBS 类型和 ADHD 症状在酒精使用和后果方面的关系，以及这些关系是否因生理性别而异。参与者是来自三所大学的 875 名大学生饮酒者，他们完成了 ADHD 症状、PBS、上个月饮酒和酒精相关后果的测量。ADHD症状有显着的调节作用，因此，对于注意力不集中的学生来说，PBS 使用和酒精使用之间的关系更为明显，而对于注意力不集中或多动/冲动症状高的学生来说，PBS 使用与酒精相关后果之间的关系更为明显。这些关系在饮酒方式和停止/限制饮用 PBS 方面都存在，而且男性学生的这种关系往往最强。没有显着的相互作用效应，包括严重的减害 PBS；对于所有学生来说，增加使用这种类型的 PBS 会减少问题。这些结果表明，PBS 可能对有 ADHD 症状的学生有效。在使用 PBS 方面提供明确指导的干预措施，特别是与饮酒方式和停止/限制饮酒策略有关的干预措施，