This study scrutinizes the impact of globalization, non-renewable energy consumption, and economic growth on CO₂ emission for selected South Asian economies during 1985–2018 under the EKC framework. For this purpose, we apply a fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) technique. The empirical findings of this study identify that globalization is positively associated with CO₂ emission. The results also indicate that non-renewable energy consumption increasing environmental pollution. Moreover, the results confirm the EKC hypothesis in the South Asian region; this means that at the early stages of development, when economic growth increases, environmental pollution also increases, but environmental degradation starts to decrease with the increases in economic growth after the threshold point. The empirical outcomes suggest that the government should subsidize and promote renewable energy sources to tackle the problem of environmental degradation.

这项研究详细研究了1985-2018年在EKC框架下全球化，不可再生能源消耗和经济增长对某些南亚经济体的CO ₂排放的影响。为此，我们应用了完全修改的普通最小二乘（FMOLS）技术。这项研究的经验发现确定全球化与CO ₂正相关排放。结果还表明，不可再生能源消耗加剧了环境污染。此外，结果证实了南亚地区的EKC假说。这意味着在发展的早期阶段，当经济增长增加时，环境污染也增加，但是随着阈值点之后经济增长的增加，环境退化开始减少。实证结果表明，政府应补贴和推广可再生能源，以解决环境恶化问题。