Abstract

The potentials of Luffa aegyptiaca and its rhizospheric, non-mycorrhizal fungi in biodegrading and bio-remediating hydrocarbon contaminated soil were investigated in-vitro and in-situ. Biodegradation study was done in two stages: preliminary study using hydrocarbon treated filter paper and in-vitro with Mineral Salt Media (MSM) read on Spectrophotometer at two photo synthetically active wavelengths (530 nm and 620 nm) while rhizoremediation study was done in-situ in contaminated plot of land. Hydrocarbon utilization ability of the fungi and plant were confirmed using total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) analysis and gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Results show differing rates of hydrocarbon utilization by isolated fungi. In-vitro biodegradation study showed that Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Curvularia lunata and Trichoderma harzianum were best in degrading kerosene (78%), diesel (70%), spent engine oil (83%) and crude oil (77%) respectively. Rhizoremediation study using L. aegyptiaca and C. lunata show that remediation was enhanced to 72.15% as against 32.32% and 14% when only the plant or fungus is used respectively. Hydrocarbon accumulation by L. aegyptiaca also decreased in the presence of the fungus. Curvularia lunata is shown in this study to enhance the germination, survival, growth and bioremediation efficiency of L. aegyptiaca in polluted environment.

Novelty statement The potentials of Curvularia lunata, a non-mycorrhizal fungi associated with L. aegyptiaca in survival, growth and phytoremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil by L. aegyptiaca is highlighted in this study. Luffa aegyptiaca and its associated fungi is shown to bio-remediate petroleum hydrocarbon through phyto-accumulation and rhizosphere effect.

摘要

丝瓜及其根际非菌根真菌在生物降解和生物修复碳氢化合物污染土壤中的潜力进行了体外和原位研究。生物降解研究分两个阶段进行：使用碳氢化合物处理过的滤纸进行初步研究，并在分光光度计上以两种光合成活性波长（530 nm 和 620 nm）读取矿物盐介质 (MSM) 进行体外研究，同时原位进行根茎修复研究在被污染的土地上。真菌和植物的烃利用能力通过总石油烃 (TPH) 分析和气相色谱质谱 (GC-MS) 进行了确认。结果显示分离的真菌对碳氢化合物的利用率不同。体外生物降解研究表明，黑曲霉、茄病镰刀菌、弯曲霉和哈茨木霉分别对煤油（78%）、柴油（70%）、废机油（83%）和原油（77%）的降解效果最好。使用L. aegyptiaca和C. lunata 进行的根茎修复研究表明，与仅使用植物或真菌时分别为 32.32% 和 14% 相比，修复率提高到 72.15%。油气聚集L. aegyptiaca在真菌存在的情况下也减少了。本研究显示，新月弯孢菌可提高埃及伊蚊在污染环境中的发芽、存活、生长和生物修复效率。

新颖性声明新月弯孢菌 (Curvularia lunata ) 是一种与L. aegyptiaca相关的非菌根真菌在存活、生长和植物修复被L. aegyptiaca石油烃污染的土壤中的潜力在本研究中得到了强调。Luffa aegyptiaca及其相关真菌被证明可以通过植物积累和根际效应对石油烃进行生物修复。