Fish are largely dependent on dietary phosphorus for skeletal development and mineralization. In aquaculture, commercial diets commonly have higher phosphorus concentration than the basal requirements in most fish species to ensure growth and prevent bone mineral disorders. Excessive phosphorus in feeds is harmful for metabolism and results in an increase of wastes in farm effluents, which impact aquatic ecosystems. Previous studies have shown that depletion/excess of dietary phosphorus cause skeletal malformations and reduced/enhanced mineralization in fish. There is scarce information on dietary phosphorus requirements for optimal bone mineralization in species with different types of bone (cellular vs. acellular bone), which is particularly relevant for sustainable aquaculture. Thus, the aim of our study was to analyse the effect of dietary phosphorus concentrations on bone mineralization of turbot, a demersal acellular-boned fish and valuable aquaculture species. Our results show that the dietary phosphorus concentration did not cause changes to the bone mineral density and the phosphate/calcium concentrations. No apparent skeletal malformations were detected. Additionally, we did not find an altered expression of genes involved in bone mineral metabolism. Taken together, our data show that the phosphorus requirements for optimum growth and bone mineralization in turbot are below those currently used commercially at least for the time period examined: 55–195 days postfertilization (dpf).

中文翻译：

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膳食磷对大菱鲆骨矿物质密度和含量的影响

鱼类的骨骼发育和矿化在很大程度上依赖于膳食磷。在水产养殖中，商业饲料的磷浓度通常高于大多数鱼类的基本需求，以确保生长和防止骨矿物质紊乱。饲料中过量的磷对新陈代谢有害，会导致农场污水中的废物增加，从而影响水生生态系统。先前的研究表明，膳食磷的消耗/过量会导致骨骼畸形和鱼类矿化减少/增强。关于具有不同类型骨骼（细胞骨与非细胞骨）的物种的最佳骨矿化所需的膳食磷需求的信息很少，这与可持续水产养殖尤其相关。因此，我们研究的目的是分析膳食磷浓度对大菱鲆骨矿化的影响，大菱鲆是一种底层脱细胞鱼和有价值的水产养殖物种。我们的结果表明，膳食磷浓度不会引起骨矿物质密度和磷酸盐/钙浓度的变化。未检测到明显的骨骼畸形。此外，我们没有发现参与骨矿物质代谢的基因表达改变。综上所述，我们的数据表明，大菱鲆最佳生长和骨骼矿化所需的磷至少在所研究的时间段内低于目前商业上使用的磷：受精后 55-195 天 (dpf)。我们的结果表明，膳食磷浓度不会引起骨矿物质密度和磷酸盐/钙浓度的变化。未检测到明显的骨骼畸形。此外，我们没有发现参与骨矿物质代谢的基因表达改变。综上所述，我们的数据表明，大菱鲆最佳生长和骨骼矿化所需的磷至少在所考察的时间段内低于目前商业上使用的磷：受精后 55-195 天 (dpf)。我们的结果表明，膳食磷浓度不会引起骨矿物质密度和磷酸盐/钙浓度的变化。未检测到明显的骨骼畸形。此外，我们没有发现参与骨矿物质代谢的基因表达改变。综上所述，我们的数据表明，大菱鲆最佳生长和骨骼矿化所需的磷至少在所考察的时间段内低于目前商业上使用的磷：受精后 55-195 天 (dpf)。