The ecological restoration of mine dumps is challenging because of the loose soil structure, toxic heavy metal, and severe soil erosion at such sites. The impacts of native grass and polyacrylamide (PAM) on the soil sediment concentration, hydraulic properties, and heavy metals at mine dumps were investigated via scouring tests with a flow discharge of 90 L min⁻¹. In the initial stages of the tests, fluctuating decreasing trends in the soil sediment concentration, flow velocity, and flow Ni concentration were observed, while a fluctuating increasing trend was observed in the flow resistance f. After a period of adjustment, the steady-state soil sediment concentrations, hydraulic properties, and Ni concentrations in the flow were attained. An increasing–decreasing trend for the V concentration and a decreasing–increasing trend for the Cu concentration in the flow were observed over time. In addition, Zn was not dissolved or transported by the overland flow. A significant correlation between the heavy metal concentration in the flow and soil sediment concentration was observed (p ≤ 0.01). Both native grass and PAM could effectively control soil loss and change hydraulic properties by increasing the surface roughness. The steady-state flow velocity of B5 was 1.11–1.36 times higher than in the other treatments, while the steady-state resistance f of B5 was 12.54–45.02% lower than in the other treatments. However, the native grass and PAM had different effects on the transport of heavy metals. The native grass could effectively reduce the mobility of V, while the PAM could reduce the mobility of Cu and V.

中文翻译：

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模拟天然植被和聚丙烯酰胺对矿场水力性质和重金属浓度的影响

由于土壤结构松散，有毒的重金属和这些地点的严重土壤侵蚀，矿山垃圾的生态修复具有挑战性。通过冲刷试验以流量为90 L min ^-1的方式研究了天然草和聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）对矿山排土场中土壤沉积物浓度，水力性质和重金属的影响。在试验的初始阶段，观察到土壤沉积物浓度，流速和流动镍浓度的波动减少趋势，而在流动阻力f处观察到波动增加趋势。。经过一段时间的调整后，获得了稳定的土壤沉积物浓度，水力性质和流量中的Ni浓度。随着时间的流逝，V浓度的增加和减少趋势以及Cu浓度的减少和增加趋势。另外，Zn不被陆上水流溶解或运输。在流动和土壤含沙量重金属浓度之间的相关性显著观察到（p  ≤0.01）。天然草和PAM均可通过增加表面粗糙度来有效控制土壤流失并改变水力性质。B5的稳态流速比其他方法高1.11-1.36倍，而稳态阻力fB5的比值比其他治疗降低了12.54–45.02％。但是，本地草和PAM对重金属的运输具有不同的影响。天然草可以有效降低V的迁移率，而PAM可以降低Cu和V的迁移率。